Stymfalia
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Stymfalia (Greek Στυμφαλία ( f sg ) ) is the name of a village, a district of the municipality Sikyona, a standing body of water and a plateau in the Prefecture of Corinthia in the northeast of the Peloponnese, Greece.
Stymfalia was still under the name Matsiza ( Μάτσιζα ) in 1924 as a rural community ( kinotita ) recognized and in 1927 renamed to its present name. 1997 was built by numerous Eingemeindeungen surrounding villages, a township ( dimos ), which had its seat in the town of Kaliani. This community came on 1 January 2011 to Sikyona, where she has since formed a district.
Geography
Stymfalia is a plateau (600 m), which is completely surrounded by some very high mountain ranges. Level and surroundings - as prevalent in almost the entire Peloponnese - Karst formations.
The the plain south bounding mountain ranges are mostly steep uphill. On the eastern shore descends the ridge and allows a road pass in about 150 m. About this pass you reach the southwest cities Tripoli ( 50 km) and to the northeast of Nemea (20 km) and Corinth (50 km), the center of the prefecture and the gateway to Athens.
The lake stretches depending on the season about 3 to 5 km long and 1 to 1.5 km wide from. He is no surface runoff. Environment, level and lake form a remarkable Geosystem with picturesque nature and more valuable biotopes. In his ( hydro) geological characteristics, the level of the numerous other karst basin ( Polje ) of the Peloponnese is different: The water area of Polje almost never falls into the typical rain - free dry hot seasons.
To geology, hydrogeology, biotopes and nature of Stymfalia see Stymfalia ( ecosystem ).
Land use
Conditions for safe, productive agriculture can only be made at a sufficient distance from the lake. Due to abundant winter rainfall, but hardly aboveground drains, but mainly fed by three highly Dividend Payment karst springs and as a result of extremely dry summer, the Seeausdehnung varies greatly. Therefore, the acreage are calculated in the times of sowing and early growth often too wet or swampy, often due to insufficient drainage even flooded near the lake until the end of May. The lake flooded the west side stronger. Drainage ditches are the rule. Fed from the long tributing sources of irrigation ditches bridge the summer drought. Some orchards indicate limitations of field construction. The alluvial and alluvial fan of the mountains - often in the western part of the level - are cultivated in their lower parts by terracing and usually continue to be used.
Environment
The surrounding mountains are heavily forested to the heights. Browsing of sheep and goats in the mountains, or in the usable slope areas, as otherwise many times in the Peloponnesus still observable in Stymfalischen pool is not a problem. The lake, its surroundings and the south lies Oligyrtos Mountains form particularly sensitive ecosystems ( biotopes and Geotop, special animal species, a resting place for migratory birds ). They are therefore provided as two Natura 2000 areas. The conservation status of the habitats in 2006 was not yet occurred. Attempts particular interests in the eighties of the 20th century to change the water balance of essential procedural level, still failed. The silting by reed vegetation, due to siltation, agricultural irrigation and fertilization (eutrophication / over-fertilization) increased. It grew from 33% in 1945 to 55 % in 2003. ( natura.minenv.gr )
Nature Conservation and EU safety standards collide with government and non- corporative interests of economic, political colonization and infrastructural development. Because of the Peloponnese is - except in the very few cities and urban areas of the north coast - threatened by permanent emigration and thus infrastructure dangerous thinning.
The abstraction of water for the eastern coastal area of the Gulf of Corinth was already 125 AD realized by the philo- Hellenic Roman Emperor Hadrian by an aqueduct; see also Stymphalus. In the " small scale " former technical possibilities, the water extraction did not influence the environmental conditions for Stymfalia serious. The since this 21st century occurring interventions such as road building, agricultural drainage and irrigation, chemical fertilizers, Seestandsregulierung by a succinct, regulated karst swallow hole and a large-volume water pipeline system, make a sustainable development path very difficult and economically costly.
Settlement and economic
In the plane hardly jobs are available except in traditional agriculture. Trade and crafts just cover their own use of the plane. The settlement of farms with area requirement and a further expansion of roads to the regional centers would the protective purposes of the Natura 2000 habitats contrary.
The season-based tourism builds on the classic mythological and archaeological aspects. Stymfalia is for the highly important for Greece Economic Impact of Tourism but archaeological, geographical environment and transport infrastructure marginal.
Since deliver secure income for the rest only a few agricultural areas, the level of the allocable and an administrative unit forming six villages small ( v. W. n O) Lafka, Karteri, right on the lake, Kaliani, Asprokambos and Twentyone ( Corinthia Prefecture). The number of living here permanently ends took far more from. 2000 were registered under 3000 residents.