Surgut
Surgut (Russian Сургут ) is a Russian city located on the Ob River in the West Siberian Lowland. It belongs to the autonomous district of the Khanty-Mansi / Ugra and has 306 675 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010 ).
History
Surgut was founded in 1594 and is thus one of the oldest towns in Siberia. The place name comes from the Khanty language and means something like " fish-rich area ." In the 17th and 18th centuries, Surgut was one of the larger resorts in the Asian part of Russia and an important place of settlement of Russian colonists in Siberia. However, until the late 18th century it lost its former importance and the city gained status in 1708. Surgut in 1930 as part of the settlement of the then newly founded the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug was.
After large deposits were discovered oil and gas in the 1950s and 1960s in the vicinity of the village, fired again a rapid development a: 1965 gained Surgut back city status until 1970, its population doubled to more than 30,000 inhabitants, the end of the 1970s was the big city mark of 100,000 inhabitants are exceeded.
Population
The demographic development in Surgut was positive in the years 2002 to 2012. The birth rate has since risen by almost 70 percent, while the death rate declined markedly. For years, Surgut is characterized by a stable population growth. Between December 2011 and February 2012, the population increased by 6,100, which is unusually high by Russian standards.
The average life expectancy was about 69 years in 2012. Here, men on average 67 and women 75 years of age.
There are more men than women in the city ( 51 to 49 percent).
The unemployment rate is only 0.25 percent because of well-developed mining industry.
Demographics
Note: Census data
Religions
In Surgut, there are six Russian Orthodox churches, a house of prayer of the Gospel Christians and a Sunni Muslim mosque.
Policy
Results of the parliamentary election in Russia in 2011 in Surgut:
- United Russia: 37.84 %
- Liberal Democratic Party of Russia: 22.14 %
- Communist Party of the Russian Federation: 18.08 %
- Just Russia: 15.53 %
- Yabloko: 4.11%
- Patriots of Russia: 1.44%
- Right Thing: 0.86%
The turnout was around 61 percent.
Economy and infrastructure
Surgut is considered one of the most important centers of oil extraction industry in Russia. In addition, the city is a hub in the West Siberian pipeline network. Meet here, the oil and gas pipelines from Nizhnevartovsk and Novy Urengoy and those to Novosibirsk, Perm and Chelyabinsk.
The major companies are based in the city Surgutneftegas and Surgutgasprom, the latter part of the state-owned company Gazprom. The city also has two of the largest thermal power plants in the world, GRES -1 and GRES -2. These belong to the OGK -4, belonging to 78.3 percent for E.ON Russia Power.
Surgut has its own university and has an airport, railway terminal, and an Ob- inland port. A few miles below the city spanning a built in the 1970s, railway bridge and was opened in 2000 Surgut road bridge over the Ob. These are the two most downstream crossing of the river, to its mouth it is still around 1,200 kilometers from there.
Telecommunications
Since 1993, there has in Surgut nationwide Internet reception. Currently there are in the city ten different Internet service providers, including Rostelecom and Mobile TeleSystems.
Sports
The volleyball men of ZSK Gazprom - Ugra Surgut playing in the Russian Super League.
Sons and daughters of the town
- Igor Sergeyevich Bobkov (* 1991), ice hockey player
- Yevgeny Vladimirovich Khvostov ( born 1981 ), ice hockey player
- Isolda Dychauk (* 1993), actress
- Ilya Viktorovich Maljuschkin ( born 1984 ), ice hockey player
- Anton Sergeyevich Poleschtschuk (* 1987), ice hockey player