Surtshellir

The cave Surtshellir is approximately 8 kilometers north-east of Kalmanstunga away in the lava field Hallmundarhraun west of the glacier Langjökull in Iceland. The lavas flowed from the 9th century craters on the north west side of the Langjökull.

Name and origin

The Surtshellir originated over 1000 years ago by flowing lava. The walls solidified faster than the inner stream of lava flowed and dried up. Therefore, also the name of the cave as a derivation from the Germanic fire giant Surt (as well as the name of the island Surtsey ) explains

It is the most well-known lava tube of Iceland.

More info

Its length is 1,970 m with a height difference of 37 meters. The temperature is 2-5 ° C.

The soil is somewhat inclined (about 1 m to 100 m in length ).

The roof has smaller and larger holes. There probably were openings through which shot out in the lava fountains.

Sagas and history

From the beginning of Icelandic history the cave was known and feared as a refuge of outlaws. A hunt for such is described for example in Landnámabók.

Also in the Sturlungasaga the cave is mentioned.

Bone findings show an at least temporary use of this and the neighboring caves as temporary dwelling.

In the 18th century explored in its report, the researchers Eggert Ólafsson and Bjarni Pálsson the cave. They were followed by many in the 19th century. However, this also had considerable damage.

In folk tales the cave plays a role, being repeatedly mentioned the extraordinary length of the room

Other caves in the Hallmundarhraun

In its immediate vicinity are two other caves. These include along with the Surtshellir the same lava tube - but are separated from each other by Verstürze.

Stefánshellir

The Stefánshellir has a total length of 1,520 m transition. The temperature varies from 2 to 5 ° C.

Íshellir

Íshellir translates ice cave. It has a length of about 500 m. The temperature is 0 ° C. Therefore, the floor is partially covered with ice even in summer.