Åšwiebodzice

Świebodzice [ ɕf ɛbɔʥiʦɛ ʲ ] ( German Freiburg in Schlesien ) is a town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland. It belongs to the powiat Świdnicki and lies on the River Pełcznica ( Polsnitz ).

  • 5.1 Literature
  • 5.2 External links
  • 5.3 footnotes

History

The first documented in 1242 mentioned " Vriburg " was probably founded by Freyburg before 1228 at the Unstrut from. Its precincts, which included, among other things, the incurred before 1221 villages around Salzbrunn was initially assumed Schweidnitz. 1243 had the Freiburg Burglehen Merbot of Czettritz ( Czetteras ). For the year 1268 a branch church is occupied, which belonged to the parish Polsnitz. Until 1274/77 Freiburg belonged to the Duchy of Legnica and arrived after his graduation in 1278 to the Duchy of Jawor. 1279 Freiburg had the Magdeburg Law. The ducal castle was moved under Duke Bolko I, who reigned from 1291 to 1301 to the more favorably located Fürstenstein. He gave Freiburg in 1337 the privilege of beer Ausschanks and the mileage right through the villages Zirlau, Adelsbach, Salzbrunn, Liebichau ( Lubiechów ) Sybottendorf and Kunz village ( Mokrzeszów ). After the death of the Duke Bolko II 1364 Freiburg came together with the Duchy of Świdnica and Jawor inheritance rights to the still underage Czech King Wenceslas, who was a son of Bolkos II deceased niece Anna of Schweidnitz. However Bolkos widow Agnes von Habsburg were entitled to a right of usufruct over the Duchy until her death in 1392. Then came Freiburg, which was a farming town, the castle rule of the prince stone, which was acquired in 1400 by the later Governor Jan von Chotěmice. He founded in 1412 the city of Freiberg a hospital. In the 15th century Freiburg was surrounded by a wall, in which the Schweidnitzer, the low - or Striegauer and the upper or Bolkenhainer gate were. With a furnace document issued in the Czech king Vladislav II issued in 1492, the city of Freiburg, the authorization to hold a carnival. Together with the castle and lordship Fürstenstein came Freiburg 1509 Conrad von Hohberg, the following governor of Erbfürstentums Świdnica and Jawor was. 1510 King Vladislav II gave permission to hold a weekly nd Roßmarktes. 1528 took the Freiburg to the Protestant faith. For the year 1599 20 bakers, 32 shoemakers Züchner and 28 are occupied in Freiburg. In the Thirty Years' War Freiburg was almost completely destroyed. 1653 was the parish church, which served since the Reformation in the 15th century as a Protestant church, returned to the Catholics and the Protestants referred to the Schweidnitzer Peace Church. 1776, they were given their own church in Freiburg.

After the First Silesian War Freiburg fell in 1742, with most of Silesia to Prussia. Severe damage directed at a fire in 1781, with more than 300 houses, the church and the town hall were destroyed with a valuable archive. On the King Frederick II command the town hall was rebuilt in 1781. With the Prussian reforms of 1807/10 Freiburg was released from the base rule. 1816 was incorporated into the county Schweidnitz with which it was connected until 1945.

An economic boom, it came with the commissioning of the railway link Wroclaw Schweidnitz -Freiburg, which was opened in 1844 and extended in 1853 to Waldenburg and Hirschberg. Already in 1809 the canvas factory Karl Friedrich Kramsta was founded, and from the mid-19th century, the watch industry developed. From 1860 to 1890 Freiburg was a garrison town. Importance was also the school system in 1873, there was a higher public school, a secondary school in 1903 and from 1938 a secondary school. 1939, counted 9306 inhabitants. From about 1944 to 1945 was located in Freiburg, a subcamp of Gross-Rosen concentration camp.

As a result of the Second World War Freiburg fell in 1945 as almost all of Silesia to Poland and received the place name Świebodzice. The German population was expelled for the most part. The newly settled inhabitants were partially displaced persons from eastern Poland. From 1975 to 1998 Świebodzice belonged to the province Wałbrzych.

Attractions

  • The parish church of St. Nicholas was first mentioned in 1228 and expanded several times and rebuilt. After a fire in 1774 it was rebuilt in 1811. Main altar and pulpit were in 1850, the side altars and the organ after 1811. The baptismal font dates from the 17th century. In the south, the chapel of the family of high mountain with their family coat of arms is above the entrance; in the north of the Holy grave chapel.
  • The Church of St. Peter and Paul was built in 1780 after a design by the architect Christian Friedrich Schultze as a Protestant church. Today it serves as a Catholic church.
  • The early classical Town Hall was built around 1790, also after a design by Christian Friedrich Schultze.
  • Remains of the city wall built after 1421.

Twin Cities

  • Waldbroel ( Germany ) since 1996
  • Marjina Horka ( Belarus ) since 2000
  • Jilemnice (Czech Republic) since 2001

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the town

  • Martin Kirschner (1842-1912), Mayor of Berlin
  • Alfred sugar (1852-1913), architect
  • Emil Krebs (1867-1930), sinologist and linguist
  • Hans flowering (1888-1955), writer and philosopher
  • Walter Flegel (1934-2011), writer
  • Hartmut Kilger ( born 1943 ), President of the German Bar Association ( 2003-2009 )

Connected to the city

  • Gustav Becker (1819-1885), founder of the Freiburg watch industry

References

351035
de