Swing (jazz performance style)
A shuffle is a ternary rhythm which finds application especially in blues and jazz. Occasionally, for the terms " dotted " and " Swing " is used, but these are misleading or ambiguous.
Rather than divide a note value in two equally long periods of time (binary or "straight" ), is made a threefold division in the ternary rhythm. The means to record this three-fold regardless of the time signature, and to capture linguistically, is the triplet. Unlike other ternary rhythms are (usually between the quarter notes ) not played two unaccented notes, but only one in the shuffle between the stressed beats, as in the binary rhythm. Therefore, can be transmitted in a shuffle each binary rhythm.
This is achieved in that nothing is played on the first of the two unaccented beats between the beats. On the second unstressed beat is played, what would be played exactly in the middle between the beats in binary rhythm ( the eighth notes ). Thus, the unaccented beats are moving closer to each subsequent beat.
Binary rhythm in 4/4-time:
| X x X x X x X x | General ternary rhythm in 4/4-time:
| Xxxxxxxxxxxx | Shuffle in 4/4-time:
| X xX xX xX x | For simplicity, one notes the shuffle usually a binary rhythm in straight eighth notes and gives it the playing instructions that it should be a shuffle rhythm. The game instruction is either "swing feel" or she is in a quite striking equation: two eighth notes, an equal sign and two triplet eighth ( under an arch with a small three above) with a triplet eighth-note rest in between. In sheet music for percussion often found the so-called " dot " notation: Instead of an eighth note triplet, a Achteltriolpause and again an eighth note triplet to write a dotted eighth note (equivalent to 11/2 quavers, ie a 3/16-Note ) and a sixteenth note. This is not correct, but still widely used in sheet music format.
As indicated above, can be any binary rhythm converted into a shuffle. In rhythms with sixteenth notes that happens in that not the unaccented eighth between the stressed areas are moved, but each intervening sixteenth. This rhythm is often found in hip-hop and house.
Binary 4/4-time with 1/16-Noten:
| X X x x x x x x x x x x x x x x | Shuffle in 4/4-time with 1/16-Noten:
| X xX xx xx xx xx xx xx x | Thus, even the shuffle function in drum machines, explains: Every second and fourth sixteenth note each beat ( each beat ) is shifted to the rear. The higher the parameter is set, the more the programmed on the second and on the fourth sixteenth note beats are delayed.
Transfer to other styles of music
The shuffle rhythm lived on the R & B of the 1960s and became popular again by British glam rockers like T. Rex " Hot Love " (1971) and Gary Glitter with "Rock and Roll Pt 2 " (1972 ) or The Sweet. 1977 used Iggy Pop to the beat in his electronic pop song " Nightclubbing ".
The shuffle rhythm was also known as Beat songs in the electronic music used ( examples include " Personal Jesus " by Depeche Mode and " Doctorin 'the Tardis " by The Timelords ), where he leads a life of its own as Schaffel as a genre.