Swiss Alps

The Swiss Alps (French Alpes Suisses, Italian Alpi svizzere, Romansh: Alps svizras? / I ) are a geographical designation of Switzerland in the Alps region and part of the European mountain range called the Alps. It ranges from the Little St. Bernard, including Mont Blanc, Dents du Midi and Chablais group in the west to the east Reschenpass. This fixation goes back to a suggestion by Christoph Bernoulli 1811. The Rhaetian Alps have since been limited from a Swiss perspective on the old free Raetia and now count to the Swiss Alps.

Classification

In Switzerland, a common practice is the tripartite division of the Alps along the Alpine arc, so that Switzerland (deprecated also means Alps) lies entirely in the Central Alps - the division into Eastern and Western Alps is not of great significance in Switzerland. Geographically, this classification does not reflect the Swiss reception of the Alps. In addition, the Splügenpass is perceived higher than the San Bernardino Pass, not mountain separating and geologically - a shale zone between Tambo and Suretta - ceiling within the Penninikums - plays only a minor role. The geological east-west boundary runs along the contact zone of Penninic and Austroalpine. It follows the flexure Chur- Lenzerheide- depth Castel- Septimer Maloja Val Fex.

The use of names of cantons in the layouts has been repeatedly criticized (because the political boundaries naturally primarily run on the ridges, which today Usance the outline in the valley lines little accommodates ). Alternative names but could not prevail.

Traditional classification

In the spirit of the Enlightenment, the first classification was made according to scientific criteria to the age of the geological formations according to (then prevailing doctrine) in

  • Uralpen lineup
  • Alpine limestone formation
  • Nagelflue lineup
  • Sandstone formation
  • Jura - formation

This division was transferred to and after each the knowledge of the geology in the following Geological classification.

Orographic classification

Since Claudius Ptolemy play the Swiss Central Alps, the headwaters of the Rhine, the Reuss, Aare, Rhône, ( Toce ) and Ticino a major role in the geographic view of the Alps. Meet here on a short piece on each other, the two runs in the east-west main alpine ridges. From Ptolemy was this then still be summed up as the highest Alpgebirge area where all the water runs out, with Adula Alps (Latin: ad aqua "water", or rätoroman. Aual ad " Bach " ) means. Around this autochthonous be summed Massif Central are grouped by the outflowing rivers separated the four orographic main groups:

  • To distinguish between these main groups of the actual groups, each supplemented with " in a broader sense ."
  • Dammagruppe and Aagruppe form the Urner Alps.
  • In the Romance languages ​​Monte Leonegruppe and Maggia group Lepontine Alps are summarized.
  • Savoy Alps (A. Webber ): Mont Blanc, Dents du Midi and Chablais Group

Biogeographic Classification

Biogeography lying in the territory of the country Alps are divided into Northern Alps, Western and Eastern Central Alps and the Southern Alps in.

Geological subdivision

  • Subalpine Molasse
  • Northern Kalkalpenzone Helvetic system
  • Cliff ceiling
  • Southern Limestone Alps

Division of the Alpine Club

The table of comparison of the divisions of the Swiss Alps is a comparison of categorization according to the Swiss Alpine Club, and SOIUSA AVE.

The division of the Swiss Alps to SAC

The Swiss Alpine Club (SAC ) provides a classification before, in each group for an alpine guide / club leader is issued: The structure of the SAC is very much focused on political criteria, ie cantonal borders.

  • A: Swiss Alps A.1: Western Swiss Alps A.1: Préalpes de la chaine franco- suisse
  • A.1: Alps and Pre-Alps of Vaud and Alpes et Préalpes vaudoises
  • A.1.c: Fribourg Pre-Alps
  • A.2.a: Lucerne Alps
  • A.2.b: Unterwaldner Alps:
  • A.2.c: Schwyz pre-Alps
  • C.1: Trento - Great St. Bernard
  • C.2: St. Bernard - Col Collon
  • C.3: Col Collon - Theodulpass
  • C.4: Thedulpass - Monte Moro
  • C.5: Strahlhorn - Simplon Pass
  • C.6: Simplon - Nufenenpass ( Gonerli )
  • D.1. Urner Alps D.1.a: West Urner Alps ( Susten Pass - Urirotstock, with Dammastock, Titlis )
  • D.1.b: Osturner Alps
  • D.1.c: Göscheneralp - Furka - Grimsel
  • E.1: Tamina Alps and Plessur Alps
  • E.2: Grisons Oberland and Rheinwald region ( Lukmanier - Domleschg )
  • E.3: Obverse - Misox - Calanca (San Bernardino Pass to Septimer )
  • E.4: Southern Bergeller Mountains with Monte Disgrazia
  • E.5: Bernina
  • E.6: Albula Alps ( Septimer - Flüela )
  • E.7: Rätikon
  • E.8: Silvretta and Samnaun group
  • E.9: Münstertal Alps and Umbrailgruppe
  • E.10: Middle Engadine and Val Poschiavo ( Spoel - Bernina Pass / Poschiavo, with Quattervals, Piz Languard Paradisin, Saosseo, Scalino, Combolo )
  • F.1: Gridone - St. Gotthard Pass
  • F.2: Cristal Lina - Sassariente
  • F.3: Piora - Pizzo di Claro
  • F.4: Misoxer Alps ( Zappothorn - Passo San Jorio )
  • F.5: Ticino Alps ( Passo S. Jorio - Generoso )

Central Alps after Partizione delle Alpi 1926

The division of the Italian-French Partizione delle Alpi from 1926 divided the Central Alps from Col Ferret to the Brenner Pass - of which fall in the Swiss Alps:

Western Alps after SOIUSA

The SOIUSA categorization tries to grading by cantons overcome by orographic contiguous mountains are summarized. The canton specific designations are largely retained as sub-groups.

  • Grajische Alps ( No. 7): only a small part of the southwestern canton of Valais in Switzerland
  • Savoy Alps (No. 8): only a small part of the southwestern and southeastern canton of Valais Vaud
  • Valais Alps ( # 9 )
  • Lepontine Alps (No. 10). They include the Monte Leone Saint Gotthard Alps, Ticino Alps and Adula Alps
  • Bernese Alps in the broader sense (No. 12). These consist of the Bernese Alps in the strict sense, the Urner Alps and Vaud Alps
  • Glarus Alps, in the broader sense (No. 13). These consist of the Uri Glarus Alps and the Glarus Alps in the strict sense
  • Swiss Alps (No. 14). They consist of the Bernese Alps, the Vaud and Fribourg Pre-Alps, Lucerne and Unterwaldner foothills, the Schwyz and Uri Alps and the Appenzell and St. Gallen Alps
  • Lugano Prealps (No. 11). They consist of Como foothills, partly in Switzerland and the Alps Varese, also partly in Switzerland.

Eastern Alps by AVE

The eastern part of the Swiss Alps gets slammed by the Alpine Club classification of the Eastern Alps (AVE ) different groups in the Eastern Alps:

  • Western Eastern Alps Albula Alps
  • Bernina ( Bernina and Southern Bergell )
  • Livigno Alps
  • Platta Group
  • Plessur Alps ( Arosa mountains )
  • Ortler Alps
  • Rätikon
  • Samnaungruppe
  • Sesvennagruppe
  • Silvrettagruppe
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