Symphony No. 10 (Haydn)

The Symphony in D major Hoboken directory I: 10 Joseph Haydn composed 1758 bis in 1760.

General

The symphony Hoboken directory I: 10 in D major composed by Joseph Haydn 1758-1760 during his period of employment with Count Morzin. The symphony corresponds to the then frequent ( early classic Italian ) type with three sets, the structural focus is on the first set, the second set is kept only for strings and the last sentence as " Clean Sweep " has a light character.

Note the sudden dynamic change of Forte and Piano in the outer movements.

About the Music

Instrumentation: two oboes, two horns, two violins, viola, cello, double bass. Bassoon and harpsichord were to reinforce the bass voice then even without special notation used, insist on the participation of the harpsichord in the literature different opinions.

Performance time: approximately 10 to 12 minutes (depending on adherence to the prescribed repetitions).

When used herein the terms of sonata form is considered that this scheme was designed in the first half of the 19th century (see below) and can be transferred from there to restrictions on the Symphony No. 10. - Note that this description and structure of sentences is to be understood as a suggestion. Depending on your view, other accruals and interpretations are possible.

First movement: Allegro

D major, 4/4-time, 90 cycles

The first "theme " consists of contrasting elements: After the opening, bottoming Forte chord blow the whole orchestra, the first violin and piano legato playing a three-note motif, accompanied in the staccato of the second violin. The second clock has a comma- eighth rests Forte chord progression with continuous quaver accompaniment. This two-bar "Contrast theme" ( bars 1 and 2) is repeated ( bars 3 and 4). The bars 5-8 form a variant of clock 1 is followed by the shock bottoming chord - throughout forte - the three-note motif in legato horn, bass and viola, while the two violins take up the Staccatofigur.

In bar 8 is a virtuoso follows " brilliant " passage with runs, trills motifs and melodies in half notes with tremolo accompaniment. In bar 23 the dominant A major is reached. A caesura announces the second theme. This contrasts with his more chamber music character (piano, strings only predominantly involved) to the previous " noisy " Passage. The theme consists of three pieces: the question-answer turn, the repeated motif with falling sixth in half-notes and the upward movement in dotted rhythm. Final section from bar 32 is connected to its runs in the violins similar virtuosity held as the previous section. The exposition ends at bar 37 and is repeated.

The development begins surprisingly as reconciliation -like return to the tonic D major. In fact, occurs in short, the head of the first "theme" as dummy reprise on ( clock 43/44 ) before using the actual changes: The frame-like chord blow from the beginning of the sentence is varied and underlaid with Tremolo (cycle 45 to 47 ), the subject of clock 20 the exposure is performed after B minor, and the bars 52 to 54 bring in unison motif new deal with major interval jumps. Virtuoso runs then lead to the entrance of the recapitulation in measure 60

The recapitulation corresponds structurally to the exposure. Also, development and recapitulation are repeated.

Second movement: Andante

G Major, 2/4-cycle, 95 cycles

The set is only kept for Strings and characterized by ascending and descending Sekundketten and suspensions ( " sighing "). The first topic is the first second violin and the viola with an upbeat motif and descending Sekundketten vocal leader over a sustained Liegeton the first violin. With the pendulum motif from bar 6, the voice leading then switches to clock 7 in the first violin. From bar 11 uses a longer passage with descending Sekundketten and accented derivative action that is sequenced up. In bar 25, the voicing switches briefly back into the middle voices and the bass under ausgehaltenem Liegeton the first violin. A section with trills and fortepiano - contrasts leads to short -circuit group. The exposition is repeated.

The middle part ( " implementation " ) accesses the Aufaktmotiv from the first issue as a variant with dynamic contrasts ( forte -piano ) and then again goes over into a sequence of Sekundketten with derivative action, these continuous semiquaver motion is carried forth. The recapitulation begins in measure 63 and corresponds structurally to the exposure. Also midsection and recapitulation are repeated.

Third movement: Presto

D major, 3/8-time, 127 cycles

As is typical for a symphony that time, the last record has been created as a lightweight " Clean Sweep ". He begins forte with the eight-bar theme with lively decorations ( triplet, trill ). The theme consists of two four-strokes, the violins are performed in parallel. The first four-stroke is repeated, then sets at measure 13 a contrasting, more quiet piano passage in the strings, which leads to the dominant A major. Another Forte block from bar 20 engages the triplet of the initial stroke. After a four-note motif of four ganztaktigen notes with echo effect ( repetition in the piano ) forte follows the final group with its three-bar, repeated phrase.

The middle part ( " implementation " ) via constant repetition of tones in the bass on A first elements of the opening theme further (rhythm with triplets and trills turn ). Then follows the detailed version of a piano string passage according to clock 13 with minor turbidity. The recapitulation at measure 83 corresponds structurally to the exposure. Exposure as well as middle and recapitulation are repeated.

References, notes

Web links, notes

• Recordings and information about the Symphony No. 10 by Joseph Haydn by the project " Haydn 100 & 7 " of the Haydn Festival Eisenstadt
• Wolfgang Marggraf: Haydn's earliest symphonies ( 1759-1761 ). The symphonies of the three-movement Italian type. Polling October 8, 2012 (as the text: 2009)
• Joseph Haydn: Symphony No. 10 in D major. Philharmonia Volume No. 710, Vienna without year. Series: Howard Chandler Robbins Landon (ed.): Critical Edition of the Complete Symphonies by Joseph Haydn. ( Pocket score )
• Symphony No. 10 by Joseph Haydn: notes and audio files in the International Music Score Library Project.