Symphony No. 27 (Haydn)

The Symphony in G major Hoboken directory I: 27 Joseph Haydn composed 1757-1760 After the discovery of a copy in 1946 in Romania, came to the supposed " world premiere " of the initially unknown work. .

General

The symphony Hoboken directory I: 27 Joseph Haydn composed 1757-1760 during his period of employment with Count Morzin.

In 1946 it was discovered in the Brukenthal'sche summer residence in Freck at Sibiu in Transylvania, the transcript of an allegedly previously unknown Symphony Josef Haydn. This dates back to 1786 and was " premiered " on January 29, 1950 in Bucharest, amid thunderous applause. Later, it turned out that it was already published in 1907 Hoboken directory I: 27 acted. Some of the work is therefore also referred to as " Sibiu " or " Brukenthal " Symphony.

On the occasion of the appointment of Hermannstadt (Sibiu ) to the European Capital of Culture in 2007 Franz Koglmann wrote the commissioned work Nocturnal walks, in which he combines quotes from Emil Cioran with designs from Haydn's symphony.

About the Music

Instrumentation: two oboes, two horns, two violins, viola, cello, double bass. Bassoon and harpsichord were to reinforce the bass voice then even without special notation used, insist on the participation of the harpsichord in the literature different opinions.

Performance time: approximately 15 minutes (depending on adherence to the prescribed repetitions)

When used herein the terms of sonata form is considered that this scheme was designed in the first half of the 19th century (see below) and can be transferred from there to restrictions on a composed around 1758 plant. - Note that this description and structure of sentences is to be understood as a suggestion. Depending on your view, other accruals and interpretations are possible.

First movement: Allegro molto

G Major, 4/4-time, 108 cycles

The sentence begins forte with the first theme ( bars 1 to 10). The head motif contains a " raktetenartig " ascending G major - chord in half notes of oboes, horns and first violin under large panels of tremolo of the other strings. The ascending triadic theme and the compact orchestral sound reminiscent of the Mannheim school. In cycle 3, the leading note F # is achieved whereby Haydn " a strong dominant diagram voltage creates that gives the theme a very unique, fulfilled by internal dynamic character. " This additional material of the first theme consists of descending G major - chords and large interval jumps in half-notes with the continuation of deep tremolo strings. The tremolo figures are also continued in the subsequent, based primarily on a triad formation melody line. Energetic chord strumming on D are derived from clock 18, a passage one in which a new rhyhtmisches motif with changing note in sixteenths and octave jump ( " Exchange -note motif " ) occurs first in the viola, is then taken up by the violins alternating with Synkopenbegleitung, while the border chord movement from bass reminiscent of the head from the first theme. Emerging unison scale figures announce the second theme in the dominant of D major.

This is ( for the first time in the set ) in the Piano and is played only by the strings. It has an imitative beginning in half notes ( something reminiscent of the beginning of a sentence ), then accesses the existing eighth movement of the second violin on and swings in the second half after D minor for. The final group is in turn at Forte and contains the " change note motif ", the unison - scale fragments and tremolo some elements of the previous events.

The execution begins with the first theme in D major, followed by a sequence of alternating note motif, Unisonotonleiter and tremolo. Later in the passage with the change -note motif in the circle of fifths is passed downward through E minor, A minor, D major and G major. The recapitulation at measure 68 is structured as the exposure. Exposure and development and recapitulation are repeated.

Second movement: Andante: siciliano

C major, 6/8-measure, 49 cycles

In the Andante is the first violin with a cantabile melody vocal leader on the accompanying in continuous semiquavers second violin and the accompanying pizzicato notes with bottoming viola and bass. The violins play damped. By this structure, the ( for that time slow movements of Haydn's symphonies unusual ) 6/8-measure and partly existing dotted rhythms in the melody creates a serenade way - pastoral atmosphere that is characteristic of the eponymous Siciliano.

The exposure of the sentence consists of three parts, each separated by pauses: the " main theme " in the tonic C major ( bar 1 to 7) with dotted rhythm in measure 3 and 5 and descending Sekundketten in uniform sixteenths ( bars 4 and 6), the " second theme " in the dominant G major with a stronger emergence of the dotted rhythm and a final " bottom group " is also in G major, which contains the head motif of the second theme, and ( as a variant of Sekundketten ) Terzketten in uniform sixteenths. The final twists from the first issue and the final group are structurally the same.

The implementation varies the head motif of the first theme and - in a longer minor Passage - the head of the first theme and the uniform sixteenth chains. The recapitulation is similar to the exposure structured, however, is the " first theme " shortened by one cycle for the extended " second theme " by one clock. Exposure and development and recapitulation are repeated.

" This fulfilled by captivatingly sweet cantabile Andante with its muted strings breathes (...) entirely Italian atmosphere. The set is unique in Haydn's symphonies is, because unlike Mozart, who abundantly soaked up to his three trips to Italy, the influences of Italian music in itself, such influences only play a minor role in Haydn. "

Third movement: Presto

G Major, 3/8-time, 112 cycles

The last sentence has as usual for contemporary symphonies the character of a " Clean Sweep ". The Presto begins with the main theme of two four-bar, contrasting halves, the first half of the Forte with its ascending G Major - reminds chord in the bass at the beginning of the Allegro molto. The theme is repeated and goes into a mall with large interval jumps and several rapid ascending scale consequences. The short -circuit group is characterized by Unisonogänge.

The middle part is kept only for strings and engages the first Unisonogänge the final group. In bar 47 is followed by a contrasting to the previous happening minor part in the piano, is from measure 51 only played by the violins. The eighth movement with the remote motion in seconds reminiscent of the second half of the main theme. The recapitulation at measure 68 is similar to the exposure structured. Exposure as well as middle and recapitulation are repeated.

References, notes

Web links, notes

• Sound and score of 27 Haydn Symphony by the project " Haydn 100 & 7 " of the Haydn Festival Eisenstadt
• Joseph Haydn: Symphony no. 27 G major. No Philharmonia. 727, Universal Edition, Vienna 1963 series. Howard Chandler Robbins Landon (ed.): Critical Edition of the Complete Symphonies ( pocket score ), pp. 271 to 282
• 27 Symphony ( Haydn ): notes and audio files in the International Music Score Library Project.