Syndrome

The syndrome (Greek σύνδρομος sýndromos, accompanying ',' coincidently ', from συν syn, together ', ' with', δρόμος dromos ' the path ', the term ') is in medicine and psychology, the simultaneous presence of different symptoms, so-called symptoms. Their causal relationship, ie, the etiology is more or less known or can at least be assumed, however, the emergence and development of the disease, the pathogenesis is not known. If both etiology and pathogenesis are known, it is a disease. From syndrome is often spoken of, if it is at least in some respects uniform and similar in comparable cases symptoms. Another is the meaning of symptom complex.

Clustering together of uniform or at least comparable in some respects symptoms suggests with some probability to an etiological link for the purposes of correlation. This will always represent the first step towards a nosology ( = disease classification or pathology ) and thus their understanding and their treatment in the diagnosis of disease

Examples:

• Apallic syndrome
• Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
• AIDS stands for " Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ", dt, " Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome"
• Age Syndrome
• Respiratory distress syndrome in adults
• Chronic fatigue syndrome
• Down syndrome
• Functional syndromes
• Congenital strabismus syndrome
• Post-thrombotic syndrome

If three symptoms typically occur together, doctors speak of a triad (eg " Merseburg triad " in Graves' disease ), four of a tetralogy (eg Tetralogy of Fallot ), five out of a pentalogy.

Further use of the term

• In sociology, a group of features or factors whose common occurrence indicates a certain context or state is also referred to as a syndrome. Examples: syndrome of obesity in the United States, syndrome of private debt, etc.

• In coding theory, a branch of applied mathematics, the term syndrome is the " symptoms of error " which may occur in a code word in the context of digital data transmission or data storage. The term is used in the context of different error correction methods. A syndrome for a linear code is defined as a multiplication of a received or read, possibly invalid code word at the receiver (decoder) of the check matrix ( parity check matrix ), and as an essential property dependent only on the possible errors that have occurred, and not from the transmitted codeword. If no error exists, the syndrome s is therefore always equal to the zero vector. If there is a transmission error, the syndrome s is a vector containing the erroneous data point on what can be put right in a row.