SYNOP

SYNOP ( root word of "synchronous" and " visual") is an acronym for synoptic observation, so a weather report.

Weather observations are encoded for a specific number of key world. The SYNOP code has fixed components and is always constructed in the same form, to make room for other observation understandable. The code has been defined by the World Meteorological Organization (FM -12 for fixed stations, FM -13 for ship stations ).

SYNOP code

IIiii iihVV Nddff 00fff 1sTTT 2sTTT 3PPPP 4PPPP 5appp 6RRRt 7wwWW 8NCCC 9GGgg

Each SYNOP code consists of five-digit number series. The weather observations are coded sequentially entered. Each row contains each one measured value, except the first, which is used to identify the reporting ( manned or automatic ) weather station or a weather ship. The first number of each row of numbers ( with the exception of station reporting group and the Wolken-/Windgruppe Nddff ) provides information on the nature of the reported measured value.

Example:

10637 41570 53035 10054 21011 40158 52021 60062 72186 82842 91150

Explanation of the five groups:

IIiii (Example: 10637 )

  • II = block cipher (code of the country or in large states of a part of the country ) 10 = Germany
  • 637 = Frankfurt / Main - Airport

IihVV (Example: 41570 )

  • I = indicator for the reporting of rainfall Not provided 4 = announcement on rainfall to date
  • 5 = Between 600 m and 999 m above the station
  • 70 = 20 kilometer (km )

Nddff (Example: 53035 )

  • N = total coverage of the sky in eighths (visible sky area) 5 = 5/8 ( 5/8)
  • 30 = 300 degrees ( from west-northwest )
  • 35 = 35 knots ( 63 km / h = stormy wind )

00fff (in the example not reported)

  • 00 = code for specifying wind speeds of 99 knots or more. (This group is the wind speed is low, so is omitted. )
  • Fff = wind speed in knots.

1sTTT (Example: 10054 )

2sTTT (Example: 21011 )

  • 2 = identifier for the dew point temperature 2 m above ground
  • S = sign of the dew-point temperature ( 0 = positive / 1 = negative)
  • TTT = dew point temperature in tenths of degrees Celsius 2 m above ground 011 = 1.1 ° C, as s = 1 so -1.1 ° C.

3PPPP (in the example not reported)

  • 3 = Identifier for the pressure group air pressure barometer height measured
  • PPPP = station air pressure in tenths Hektopaskal omitting the thousands digit

4PPPP (Example: 40158 )

  • 4 = identifier for the air pressure group
  • PPPP = at sea level air pressure reduced station in tenths Hektopaskal omitting the thousands digit 0158 = 1015.8 hPa (hPa )

5appp (Example: 52021 )

  • 5 = identifier of the air pressure tendency group
  • A = type of air pressure change during the last 3 hours 2 = uniformly positive; higher than 3 hours ago
  • 021 = 2.1 hPa ( Hektopaskal )

6RRRt (Example: 60062 )

  • 6 = ID of the precipitation group ( omitted if no precipitation has fallen )
  • RRR = rainfall in whole mm (exception: 991-999 mean 0.1 to 0.9 mm. ) 006 = 6 mm (6 liters / m²)
  • 2 = 12 hours

7wwWW (Example: 72186 )

  • 7 = code for weather conditions and course
  • Ww = weather condition at the time of observation or during the last hour 21 = time of observation no reportable weather phenomenon, but during the last hour of rain
  • 86 = rain during the last six hours: short showers and before prolonged rain

8NCCC (Example: 82842 )

  • 8 = identifier for the cloud group
  • N = set of low or medium-high clouds in eighths of sky visible surface 2 = 2/8 ( 2/8)
  • 8 = Cumulus and Stratocumulus with lower limits at different heights
  • 4 = lenticular altocumulus clouds ( Altocumulus lenticularis )
  • 2 = dense or fluffy cirrus

( When the clouds are not visible because of eg fog or darkness, as in CL, CM, CH, a slash (/) is reported. )

( See also: Detailed explanation of the encryption of clouds)

9GGgg (Example: 91150 )

  • 9 = identifier for the observation time ( in UTC time)
  • GG = hour 11 = 11 clock ...
  • 50 = ... 50 minutes

The statements listed above are suitable only for the stated SYNOP code, here is the bottom Weather Report a country station. There are other variations and extensions in the code that would go beyond the scope of this page here probably.

Surface weather observation Visibility Stratocumulus cloud
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