Synoptic scale meteorology

The synoptic meteorology is a branch of meteorology (synopsis means as much as " synopsis, synopsis " ), which deals with the study of the weather and its changes, with its presentation as well as its prediction.

To enable this " synopsis ", a system of monitoring stations is needed that simultaneously perform weather observations under a single procedure. The measures provided for the observation dates are uniform worldwide. The main observation dates are 00, 06, 12 and 18 UTC clock. The data measured by the stations parameters are: air pressure, air pressure change during the last three hours, air temperature, wind direction, wind speed, dew point, cloud type, height of cloud base, cloud cover, visibility, precipitation amount and type.

The stations are categorized according to soil monitoring stations (worldwide approximately 10,500 ), collect the data from the Earth's surface and aerological stations ( approximately 1,000 worldwide) that provide data from up to 30 km height for the three-dimensional observation of the weather. In addition, data from mobile stations such as ships, buoys and aircraft are collected. Additional data sources are weather satellites and remote sensing systems ( such as weather radar, lightning detection systems, LIDAR, SODAR ). With the help of the computer all data can be the target group and visualized.

The data collected, so the weather conditions at a given time are entered in weather maps. Then lines ( Isallobaren ) In, for example, the surface weather map of equal pressure ( isobars ), and fronts, possibly lines of equal pressure change plotted. Previously, this was done by hand, today this task is done by the computer. With the help of the registered data in weather maps weather conditions are analyzed and weather forecasts. In addition, the collected data from the numerical forecast models are used as the initial state.

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