Systems thinking
Systems Thinking in systems theory summarizes the typical perspectives of a Systemikers together:
- Systems consist of a plurality of units of different type, which realize and maintain certain properties as a whole.
- Not all system sizes as stiff but as constantly changing sizes. Even a size stability can only be achieved by any activity.
- In processes, think not in states. In addition to black and white or yes-no grades, there are many analog variables. Some are not analytically describable.
- System variables exist only in dependence, as a product of other quantities that are promoting or inhibiting this respect.
- Control loops, Product circles, spheres of activity, process cycles produce recurring certain properties.
- A system is an entity with peculiarity, with inner laws that must be respected; living systems have their own needs, their own goals.
- A system is an organization of related, distinguishable from other objects observation facts whose internal order ( = structure) by its components ( = elements ) and their relationships ( = relations, not causalities ) is caused.
- The diversity and Innergesetzlichkeit makes predictability difficult to make, are more likely to be detected macro - properties that are observed ( temporally, spatially or structurally ) over larger areas: eg stability, chance, averages, quality by quantity; the diversity and Innergesetzlichkeit allowed ( logically ) no selective or mechanically minded influence possibility; Instead, actions to be useful as deployment, energy, communication, Teaching & Learning, sharing, shaping, shape, integrated or combined approach resonance.
- All system components are themselves systems (often called subsystems) who contribute a portion of their self, their activity, their structure, their energy in the system under consideration ( and but also areas whose control only this is proper ).
- Each part of the system is usually part of multiple systems in which he performs a wide variety of functions.
Classic and professional perspectives can be viewed as a means to reduce complexity in larger systems; This information can include: simple mechanics, simple rules, linear and categorical thinking ( which are certainly used for partial solutions in very small areas and possibly transferred to other systems). In many cases, however, a more diverse, more dynamic view is attached, without, however, neglecting effectiveness principles.
- Inside and outside. The distinction between the system inside and the outside world and the relationship between the two is a key point.
- Reuse is a central tool of systems for the production of energy surpluses.