Szczebrzeszyn

Szczebrzeszyn [ ʃtʃɛ'bʒɛʃɨn ] listen? / I is a Polish city in the powiat Zamoyski the Lublin Region with about 5,300 inhabitants and also the seat of an urban and rural community. Szczebrzeszyn situated on the river Wieprz on the road from Kielce to the Ukrainian border.

History

In the village there was a medieval castle, which should protect the trade route from Kiev to Krakow ( " Red guarantor "). Originally belonging to the Principality of Halych - Volodymyr fell Szczebrzeszyn 1366 in Poland. Fourteen years before the Great was first mentioned as a " city" of the place name in a document of King Casimir. Since the mid-16th century it belonged to the noble family temporarily Górka that made it a center of Calvinist faith. From about 1550 a large Jewish community be moved to. After the transition to the rule of the Zamoyski in 1593 to promote economic has been strengthened but it began a recatholicization. In the 17th century ravaged successively Cossacks (1648 ), Sweden ( 1656) and Tartars ( 1672) the city. In the 18th century began a process of economic reorientation, the Szczebrzeszyn made ​​it a center of Weber craft. With the First Partition of Poland in 1772 it became Austrian. The authorities of the Duchy of Warsaw, to which it belonged for six years, moved the old Academy of Zamość 1809 here, she persisted until 1852. Szczebrzeszyn 1815 became part of the Russian Congress Poland, 1918 Polish again. After the invasion of the Wehrmacht, the occupiers targeted a ghetto for the approximately 4,000 Jewish residents of the city. 1942 it was resolved deported and murdered the occupants to Belzec and in the ghetto Izbica. As part of the Zamość Action also a large part of the local Polish population was expelled and replaced by forcibly resettled ethnic German. In the region of units of the Polish underground army were active, which liberated the city and on 25 July 1944. From 1975 to 1998 she was part of the Voivodeship Zamość.

Attractions

The city has a number of historic buildings has been preserved in spite of the ages. These include the parish church of 1620, the Franciscan church of 1638 with the converted monastery buildings, a synagogue dating from the second half of the 18th century, the neoclassical former academy building with Professor houses built in 1819 and 1822 and, not least, the Greek Catholic Church, the oldest parts of the 12th century come.

Others

For Poland and Polish learners of all, the city is known for a Zungenbrechers the writer Jan Brzechwa. The phrase " W Szczebrzeszynie chrząszcz brzmi w trzcinie " [ fʃtʃɛbʒɛʃɨɲɛ xʃɔʃtʃ bʒm ʲ i ftʃtɕiɲɛ ] listen / i? (About: "In Szczebrzeszyn the beetle sounds in the reeds " ) to illustrate the problems to speak the variety of consonants. The city Brzechwa has built in honor of a monument showing a playing the violin beetle near a small source.

Personalities

  • Józef Brandt ( * 1841), Polish painter
  • Kazimierz Kelles - Krauze (* 1872), Polish socialist politician

Urban and rural commune ( gmina )

The urban and rural community Szczebrzeszyn is next to the city itself from the 13 Schulz offices Bodaczów, Brody Duże, Brody Małe Kawęczyn, Kawęczynek, Kolonia Lipowiec, Kolonia Niedzieliska, Niedzieliska, Kąty I, Kąty II, Wielącza Kolonia, Wielącza Poduchowna and Wielącza Wies.

References

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