Tachibana clan (kuge)

The Kuge - clan of Tachibana (Japanese橘 氏, Tachibana -shi) was an influential family in the imperial court of the Nara period. They were ousted by the Fujiwara.

Nara period

Already in the early days, some members of the imperial family had the name Tachibana. The name comes from the Japanese orange tree (Citrus nobilis), which plays a role in the enthronement ceremony.

The name Tachibana was awarded Agata Inukai no Michiyo -no- of - Gemmei tennō 708. She was the wife of the Prince Imperial minutes, descendant of Bidatsu - tennō and mother of Prince Katsuragi and Sai. Later she married Fujiwara no Fuhito.

The Prince Katsuragi and Sai 736 was the name given Tachibana, so they dropped out of the imperial family. From the family in China ( 804-6 ) originate student Tachibana no Hayanari ( ch. WG: Chueh -i -shih ) and the later occurring as a founder of the Japanese esoteric Buddhism Kūkai ( posthumously: Kobo Daishi, ch WG: . K ' ung- hai ).

Tachibana no Hayanari (? 778-842 ). After his return from China, Governor of Tajima. At court he was the direct opponent Fujiwara no Yoshifusas who established the Regent system ( sesshō ). He was slandered by this and 843, sent at the age of 60 years in exile, where he died after five years. He is best known as a poet and calligrapher. He is regarded as one of the Sampitsu, his most important work is the Ito Naishinnō Ganmon (伊 都 内 亲王 愿 文).

Heian period

The Tachibana, whose members occupied Anyway positions in the State Council were constantly involved during the early Heian period in power struggles with the Fujiwara, which occasionally led to armed clashes. So, for example, the uprising Fujiwara no Sumitomo 939-941. Although this rebellion was suppressed, while maintaining the Tachibana lost their influence at court; the Klan itself was cut down scattered in four lines in different directions.

Tachibana no Kimiyori ( 877-941 ), the tracker Fujiwara no Sumitomo, was reported by Kyūshū. He remained there and was representative of the imperial court. According to him and his descendants the Tachibana castle is named, comes from the samurai family, began their rise in the 14th century.

Another branch was established in the province of Iyo. Their ancestor was Tachibana Tōyasu. Kusunoki Masashige, an imperial general in the 14th century and " patron saint " of the kamikaze pilots, comes from this line.

Historically important clan members

  • Inukai no Michiyo ( ancestor )

Second generation

  • Tachibana no Moroe (橘 诸兄, 684-757 ) - son Michiyos; also Katsuragi no Ō- kimi (. .葛 城 王738 Udaijin 751 Sadaijin ( Chancellor ) ) characterized to 756 effective owner of governance - in good agreement with the Fujiwara. Then resign as suspected by the Koken - tennō of participation in a conspiracy.
  • Tachibana no Sai (橘 佐为) - son Michiyos; also Sai no Ō- kimi (佐为 王)
  • Muro no Okimi (牟 漏 女王) - daughter Michiyos; Wife of Fujiwara no Fusazaki

Third generation

  • Tachibana no Naramaro (橘 奈良 麻 吕, † 757) - eldest son of Moroe. Was considered capable of participating in the year of death of his father, in the conspiracy of the deposed Crown Prince Funado against Koken - tennō. Executed.

Fourth generation

  • Tachibana no Shimadamaro (橘 岛 田 麿) - son Naramaros
  • Tachibana no Kiyotomo (橘 清 友) - son Naramaros

Fifth generation

  • Tachibana no Kachiko (橘 嘉智子) - Kiyotomos daughter, wife of Saga tennō
  • Tachibana no Ujikimi (橘 氏 公) - son Kiyotomos. His son :橘 岑 継

Later generations

  • Tachibana no Hayanari (橘 逸 势) - statesman, trained in China. Poet, calligrapher; one of the Sanpitsu; † 842
  • Tachibana no Hiromi (橘 広 相) - scholar, five generations of Moroe; served the Tennō Yozei, Koko, and Uda
  • Tachibana no Kimisai (橘 公 材) (?) - Second son Hiromis
  • Tachibana no Kimiyori (橘 公 頼) - Fifth son Hiromis; Governor of the Special Administrative Region in Kyushu ( Dazai Gonnosochi ); fought Fujiwara no Sumitomo's younger brother Fujiwara no Suminori.
  • Tachibana no Aritsura (橘 在 列); † 953 Tendai monk and writer.
  • Tachibana no Toshimichi (橘 敏 通) - Third son of Kimiyori; important role in the fight against Fujiwara no Sumitomo and Suminori; Lord of Chikugo Province; Ancestor of the Chikugo - line ( Kyushu ) of the family.
  • Senkan (千 観) - Fourth son of Kimiyori; Monk of the Jodo Shuu ( Pure Land Buddhism )
  • Tachibana no Yoshiyuki (橘 善行) - Buddhist name Shoku; Founder of Enkyo -ji
  • Yoga (蔵 贺) - Lived on the island Tonomine
  • Kokai (皇 庆) - Monk
  • Tachibana no Nagayasu (橘 永 恺) - Poet; also known as the Buddhist name Noin.
  • Tachibana no Michisada (橘 道 贞) - Cooperation with Fujiwara no Michinaga
  • Ko - Shikibu no Naishi (小 式 部 内侍) - Poet; Daughter of Michisada
  • Tachibana no Tamenaka (橘 为 仲) - Poet
  • Tachibana no Tōyasu (橘 远 保) - Came from the Ochi clan, ancestor of the Iyo- line of the family. Fought against Fujiwara no Sumitomo.
  • Tachibana no Toshitsuna ( 1028-94 ), illegitimate son of Fujiwara no Yorimichi. Head of the Imperial Building Authority in the mid- court rank, is considered the author of the Sakuteiki.
  • Tachibana no Tōshige (橘 远 茂) - mokudai of Suruga; Descendant of Tōyasu ( Iyo- line)
  • Tachibana no Lee- († 1051 or 1058 ) was the husband of poet Sugawara no Takasue no Musume
  • Tachibana no Kiminaga (橘 公 长) - Executioner of Taira no Munemori.
  • Tachibana no Kiminari (橘 公 业) - son of Kiminaga; Founder of Kokajima clan.
  • Tachibana no Narisue (橘 成 季) - served Kujo Michiie
Fujiwara clan Empress Genmei Emperor Bidatsu Tajima Province Iyo Province Takasue's Daughter Monumenta Nipponica
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