TATA-Box

The TATA box, also Goldberg - Hogness box, is a 1978 found by Michael L. Goldberg and David S. Hogness DNA sequence in the promoter region of a gene, the gene regulation of transcription in eukaryotes. Is also found in archaea, the TATA box. In bacteria, there is a similar sequence called Pribnow box.

General

For the reading of the DNA and the generation of RNA ( transcription ) of the reacted portion in RNA must be in front of the coding sequence ( in the promoter ) have specific " markers ." Only in this way the necessary proteins for this step can bind to the DNA. This is done via the so-called TATA box. The term is derived from the TATA abbreviation for the base sequence T ( hymin ) -A ( denin ) T ( hymin ) -A ( denin ). A box is a standard in molecular biology for a defined term, known area, typically functional section in the genome.

Expiration

The TATA box serves as a starting point or starting point for the assembly of general transcription factors. Transcription factors are used to control transcription. 25 nucleotides downstream (downstream ), the start point at which the RNA polymerase starts transcription. The sequence of the TATA box (multiple adenine and thymine ) are genregulatorisch and serve as bonding points for Genregulatorproteine ​​, in turn, influence the rate of initiation of the RNA polymerase on the DNA. The Regulatory sequences may be either in the vicinity of the promoter located upstream ( ) or downstream of the gene ( downstream).

Construction

The TATA box, a DNA sequence in the promoter region of many eukaryotic genes the consensus sequence 5'- TATAAA -3 '. This sequence usually located 25 to 30 base pairs before the start point of transcription. This sequence binds to the so-called TATA box binding protein (TBP), as a single transcription factor which binds to the minor groove of DNA. The binding of the TBP to the TATA box is important for the formation of the transcription initiation complex ( transcription factors and RNA polymerase).

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