Taurida Governorate
The government Taurien (Russian Таврическая губерния / Tavricheskaya Gubernija, Ukrainian Таврійська губернія / Tawrijska hubernija, Crimean Tatar Tavrida guberniyası ) was an administrative unit in the southern Russian Empire, in what is now Ukraine. It included the Crimean peninsula and the desert areas directly north of it to the Dnieper ( Dnipro Ukr ). It bordered on the Black Sea and Sea of Azov and the provinces of Kherson and Jekaterinoslaw. The area was 63553.5 km ². Capital was Simferopol. The government had eight circles:
There were with Kerch and Sevastopol city two main teams ( cities in the county rank ).
History
1783 Khanate of Crimea was annexed by Catherine II, it was established as part of the colonization of New Russia region a Oblast Taurien. Here, the ancient name Taurien was revived, the Crimea had been known to the Greeks as the Taurian Peninsula. As a name for the Crimea Tauris not sit outside of official documents by however. Dissolved in 1796 by Tsar Paul I, it was rebuilt in 1802 by Alexander I as a province. In this form it existed until October 1921.
In the wake of the October Revolution, there was a short-lived Tauride Soviet Socialist Republic, 1918 before the area came under the control of the Central Powers. After the Civil War, the Soviet government got the area back under control, it was divided: the areas on the mainland came to the Ukrainian SSR, during the Crimean ASSR formed a ( ASSR Crimea ) within the Russian SFSR.
Statistics
Had Taurien 1897 1.447.790 inhabitants (23 per 1 km ²), of which 611 121 were Ukrainians, Russians, 404 463, 196 854 Crimean Tatars, German 78 305, 55 418 Jews and 10,112 Poles. The Creed by 74 % were Orthodox, 13 % Muslim, 4.8 % Protestant, 4.6% Jewish, 2% Roman Catholic. To the north lived mainly Ukrainians and Russians, on the peninsula mainly Crimeans, founded except in until the late 18th century port cities that were predominantly Russian- populated. There were small groups of Greeks, Bulgarians and Armenians.
The main industry was in the north ranching, salt production, and a little farming. In the mountains of the South horticulture and viticulture were significant. 1887 was the harvest 2.6 million hectoliters of wheat, 1.4 million hectoliters of barley, rye 750,000 hl and lesser amounts of other grains and potatoes. Significant was the breeding of merino sheep, in addition, there were also cattle and horse breeding. The industry was relatively insignificant. The ports in the Crimea ( Sevastopol, Feodosia ) and Berdyansk on the mainland were to trade much more important than the land.
There were 669 schools with 40 186 students, including 21 secondary schools and 13 special schools (eg for navigation ).