Teaching method

The terms teaching method and teaching methods are used inconsistently. They describe the method of teaching, so the instruction and guidance that are used in the classroom at school, education, college as well as in participation in adult education. The range of common meanings range from a pedagogical concept that underlies the teaching of an entire institution, on the teaching style of an individual teacher through to social and labor form in a particular phase of a single lesson.

Of the teaching method is clearly the method of learning to differentiate, wherein the weight of the view is the learner.

Foundations and related sciences

The educational methodology treats the choice of teaching methods as part of lesson planning. Successful teaching methods based on the knowledge about the learning processes, ie on the psychology of learning, didactics and pedagogy. They are often developed on the basis of learning theories. Learning methods are concerned with how a learner designed their own learning and play, particularly in the field of adult education a greater role.

From the drill orientation to action

Dressage by drill (also known as kettledrums or Bunsen ) and Black pedagogy applies partially obsolete. The focus of the teaching events today are the learners as subjects. The student-oriented teaching is preferred to the predominantly teacher-centered teaching: In modern teaching methods is therefore not the teacher or lecturer and his frontal teaching in the middle of the action, but the lessons to end, which is to take an active part.

Also, the action orientation is of great importance awarded (see also action-oriented teaching ). Examples of such education and teaching methods, in which the individual learner back in the thick of it, are inquiry- evolving classes, open classes, free work, project work, scenario planning, future workshop, business games and learning by teaching, in which the student group is led to construct knowledge.

Teaching methods

Teaching methods to structure a theme in order to provide ideal conditions for learning. So you're the Unterrichtsweg. Distinguish can teaching methods in macro and micro methods. Macro methods are used to structure an entire lesson or a lesson. Through them, the preparation of the learning path is determined. Examples of macro methods would be:

  • Case analysis,
  • The talk show,
  • The debate,
  • The case principle ( with the methods case study and case analysis)
  • The simulation or
  • The expert survey.

Micro methods, however, support the individual phases of the lesson. These include:

  • The teacher lecture,
  • Cartoons or
  • The text analysis.

When using a method then it should also be distinguished, in which social form they are carried out. Social forms are:

  • Individual work
  • Partner work
  • Group work
  • Called class lessons or plenary.

For other methods see Methods, List of Teaching Methods and techniques ( teaching-learning methods).

Challenges for the future

The possibilities offered by information and communication media teaching methods must also be covered at the present time and adapted to the new challenges. An example of this is the media-didactic concept of the digital school desk (abbr. Dischba ).

Study skills Learning theory (education) Frontal instruction Active learning Project-based learning Simulation game
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