Tegel
- Cite Guynemer
Tegel is a district in Berlin's Reinickendorf. Nationally known the district is best known as the site of the Berlin-Tegel Airport and Tegel Prison.
Important buildings
The district is due to the Tegel Lake and located there Greenwichpromenade (named after Reinickendorf partner district of Greenwich ) is a popular destination in the north of Berlin. At the Greenwich Promenade below the Tegeler Harbour Bridge ( Sechserbrücke ) ships begin their tour through Berlin's waters. In addition, there are at Tegel Tegel Castle ( Humboldt - lock) with the corresponding castle park and the Borsig works. On the occasion of the International Building Exhibitions in 1984 and 1987, the new Tegeler Hafen with the Humboldt Library and interesting residential projects of various international architects was created on former industrial port Tegeler over the water mill. The " Big Marie" is supposed to be the oldest tree in Berlin and be about 900 years old.
On the western shore of Lake Tegel, the Reiherwerder Peninsula, located at the Villa Borsig also the guest house of the Foreign Office, as well as adjacent the Foreign Service Academy, which is used for training German and foreign diplomats.
The original village green, which lies immediately above the waterfront of Lake Tegel, stands the church of Alt-Tegel. The Catholic St. Bernard 's Church, designed by Alfons Leitl was completed in 1960.
Tegel is located with the Old Forest Tavern the oldest restaurant in Berlin ( in its borders of 1920).
Lakes and islands in the district
- Lakes Big Malchsee
- Lake Tegel
- Hasselwerder
- Humboldt island
- Valentinswerder
- Scharfenberg
- Lindwerder
- May- Werder
- Reiherwerder (Peninsula)
- Rice Werder
- Baumwerder
- Geese Werder
History
Tegel was created as a space -like cul de sac village, which ends at Lake Tegel. This location would suggest to see in Tegel originally a Slavic fishing village. There were but so far not found a late Slavic settlement traces. Because for Tegel four parish hooves are detected early, this suggests that Tegel was founded soon after the end of the Brandenburg tithe dispute in 1237, because the Margrave had committed to provide all villages with four duty-free hooves in favor of the local church and its pastor. Tegel is first mentioned in 1322 as Kirchdorf Tygel. Apparently Tegel must have possessed a remarkable brick building. Another explanation sees the place names Tegel Slavic root word meaning " appendage ." This would relate to the Tegel lake, which is an offshoot of the Havel.
In 1361 a (water) mill ( molendium ) is mentioned in Tegel. The Country Book of Charles IV ( 1375 ) has for Tegel from 32 hooves, four parish hooves. In the village there are six Kossäten. In addition to the aforementioned mill there is also a pitcher ( taberna ). The whole village belonged since 1361 to the nuns of Spandau, which had purchased it from citizens Cöllner Johann Wolf, without prejudice to the rights of the Marquis delivery. From 1558 to 1872 the village belonged to the Office of Spandau. No later than 1590 must be demonstrated in a Tegel Schulzengut with four Freienhufen. Then came 1737, the castle Tegel.
Since 1893, Tegel has a train station, the current S- Tegel railway station on the railway Kremmener. In the time of West Berlin when the district Reinickendorf belonged to the French sector, was the destination station or starting point of all French troop transports by rail.
Am Tegeler Fliess the non-profit housing co- Freie Scholle in 1895 by Gustav Lilienthal founded.
In 1920, the later to "Alt -Reinickendorf " notified northern Berlin district should first get the name of the then largest village in the north of Berlin " Tegel district ". However, the decision was made in favor of " District Reinickendorf ".
At the turn of the 20th century, learned Tegel as a recreation area of the city of Berlin an enormous boom - were made, among other excursions by boat from here, including the port has been created or expanded and the Tegeler Hafen bridge was built.
Between 1930 and 1934, the Spaceflight Club led to the site of the former firing range Tegel through various experiments with liquid rockets. Despite numerous explosions reach climbs at altitudes of up to three kilometers. Numerous well-known German rocket scientists, such as Wernher von Braun, were members of the association.
Tegel was from 1933 to 1948 Location of a broadcasting transmitter for medium wave. As an antenna suspended in a 165 -meter high wooden tower wire was used. The tower, which was built back in 1940 for static reasons, to a height of 86 meters, was demolished during the construction of Tegel Airport on 16 December 1948.
The extension of the subway line U6 from the operating station to Tegel lake road (last stop: Metro Station Alt- Tegel) was in the 1950s, the first new construction project of the Berlin U- Bahn network after the Second World War. The solemn inauguration of the partially conducted as elevated railway line was then attended by the mayor Willy Brandt. Along the 1881 run through the district tram lines were set, including the 1913 lines opened to Heiligensee and Tegelort.
On the site of the former gasworks Tegel emerged in three phases ( 1960 to 1970 and around 1990 ) apartment blocks. Several skyscrapers were built in the vicinity of the former gasworks port, allow the residents of the upper floors, unobstructed views of the lake, the forest and the place Tegel. These houses, together with the settlement of " Forest Idyll" the local situation Tegel south.
North of the airport gravel was recovered until 1978. This created the Flughafensee, most of which forms a bird sanctuary along with adjacent forest land. At the northernmost point of the lake is a swimming area.
As part of the International Building Exhibition 1984 to 1988 occurred on the Tegeler Hafen to the Greenwich Promenade, imposing rows of houses and living snakes with a total of 350 apartments, which now also a terminal for river cruises has been created. In 2009, construction began on the development of the island Tegel. The Russian investor who had purchased the island from a Berlin project development company, however, had to file for bankruptcy during the financial crisis.
In 1999, the shopping center halls was opened at the Borsig Tower, built by the Herlitz AG Falkenhöh. The new building relates old Grade II listed building with a Borsigwerke.