Telegrafenberg

BWf1

The Telegraph Hill is a 94 -meter -high hill to the southwest of Potsdam, which belongs to Saarmunder Endmoränenbogen. On the mountain several observatories were built in the 19th century, today one can see the Albert Einstein Science Park.

History

The name was given to the Telegraph Hill in 1832 due to the then established there optical telegraph station ( a 6 m high mast, who passed through pairs of wings character combinations ). Friedrich Wilhelm III. was built this year, the Prussian State telegram line between Berlin and Koblenz to exchange messages as quickly as possible between the Rhine Province and the Prussian heartland can. On Telegraph Hill the fourth pole of 62 stations was at nearly 550 km long route. In 1852 the line after the introduction of the electric telegraph was set.

From 1874, we began construction of numerous scientific observatories on Telegraph Hill, which were created as a science park. According to the plans of architect Paul Emanuel Spieker building director and top the brick building were built in the classical style in an English landscape garden, the architectural style is influenced by the construction of Karl Friedrich Schinkel. It arose following institutes and observatories:

It was here, and others, the well-known astrophysicist Karl Schwarzschild, from 1909 director of the observatory. Albert Abraham Michelson 1881 resulted in the basement of the observatory 's main building the first version of his famous Michelson -Morley experiment by. Under the leadership of Friedrich Robert Helmert, the Geodetic Institute in 1886 became the world center of scientific geodesy. Reinhard Süring, from 1909 head of the Department of Meteorological Department and from 1928 to 1932 Director of the Meteorological Observatory Potsdam magnetic, built a unified meteorological observation network on in the Soviet occupation zone. To this end, he was entrusted by the occupying power 13 years after his retirement from 1945 to 1950 again with the management of the observatory.

The Einstein Tower was built 1919-1924 in collaboration of physicist Albert Einstein and the astronomer Erwin Finlay Freundlich and the architect Erich Mendelsohn. Originally predicted by Einstein's general theory of relativity red shift of spectral lines in the gravitational field of the sun should be detected with a sunlight spectrometer in this solar observatory, but among other things, to because of turbulence on the sun proved to be unfeasible. In the Einstein tower, but still carries a spectrometer to observe the Sun.

In 1969, the Central Institute for Earth Physics ( ZIPE ) was founded.

Since 1992, founded the same year institutions or institution parts are located on the premises, the Albert Einstein Science Park is now called: German Research Centre for Geosciences, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research. The extensively renovated historic buildings were numerous new buildings in the 90s.