Ten Bears
Ten Bears ( German: Ten Bears, actually: Parrywasaymen; * 1790, † November 23, 1872 in Fort Sill, Oklahoma) was a chief of the Yamparika - Comanche.
Ten Bears life is marked by the beginnings of the American Indian reservation policy. Although he was not classified as a good warrior, Ten Bears was true both among the Indians as well as whites with his poetic language as a moving speaker. At the same time he had with his diplomacy pronounced leadership qualities. By 1860, he was elected after the death of his predecessor to the chief of the Yamparika. Even before he had signed on 27 July 1853 as Para- sar - a-man -no peace agreement Fort Atkinson (Iowa) with other Indian tribes. With the desire for land concessions he visited on March 27, 1863 for the first time Washington, DC, but made him the U.S. government no significant concessions.
It was only on 14 October 1865 wrote Ten Bears signed a contract at the Little Arkansas River in Kansas, by the Comanches in the southwestern Oklahoma were assigned an Indian reservation at Fort Sill. During the Medicine Lodge Conference at which it came to the end of the Indian raids on the construction of the Kansas Pacific Railroad (see Treaty of Medicine Lodge ), he held in October 1867, a particularly emotional speech when he stated that it repugnant to him was having to live on a reservation, because he " [ ... ] was born without fences and free breathing was everywhere possible [ ... ] There, I want to die, and not within walls. " But were his pertinent negotiation attempts were unsuccessful because the government insisted that the Comanches had to abandon their own territory because of the new reserve. A negotiating committee demanded that the Yamparika - Comanche, Cheyenne, Arapaho and Southern Kiowa Apaches to settle together in the large reserve. All chiefs of the above tribes signed on 21 October 1867 peace treaty in December 1868 and was the march to the reserve instead. Ten Bears was already in old age, when the U.S. resettled the Comanches into reservations. Shortly before his death came Ten Bears in September 1872 together with the chief Tosawi Penateka - Comanche and other chiefs to Washington again, but the promises made by the government were not met. When the Indian delegation was received in Washington by President Ulysses S. Grant in all honor, urged on this Ten Bears and Towasi, not to settle. An effect of the meeting was the alienation of both the Comanche tribes. While Lone Wolf returned as a hero, Ten Bears was ignored. That same year, Ten Bears, died late 1872 in Fort Sill, Oklahoma.
Others
Under the German translation of the Ten Bears former chief lives in the 1990 released film Dances with Wolves again when he Dunbar ( Kevin Costner ) presents the Morion a Spanish conquistadors. The movie Ten Bears - historically incorrect - presented as chief of the Lakota Sioux.
"Ten Bears" comes in a supporting role in the film " The Texan " ( Engl: The Outlaw Josey Wales) in 1976 (directed by and starring Clint Eastwood ) ago. He was played by Will Sampson.