Termez
Termez ( Термиз ) ( usbek. )
Termez, Mausoleum of Sultan Saodat Ensemble
Termez ( Uzbekistan Termez, former Cyrillic spelling Термиз; Russian Термез / Termes, also transcribed as Termez ) is a county-level city in the south of Uzbekistan and the capital of the province and the district Surxondaryo Termez with 140 404 inhabitants (as of 1 January 2005).
Location
The city is located at the mouth of Surxondaryo on the north bank of the Amu Darya river, which separates Afghanistan and Uzbekistan each other. The leading to the Afghan border town of Hairatan Friendship Bridge, the only land connection between the two countries.
Termez is located at 302 m above sea level. The town has a railway station, an international river port and an airport.
History
Termez is more than 2500 years old. An old settlement from the Greco -Bactrian period ( third to second century BC ) was located on the territory of the present-day city. Kara- Tepa, the site of the most important archaeological finds, was a center of Buddhist culture at the time of the Kushan ( first-second century) in Uzbekistan famous. When the Arabs arrived in the seventh-eighth century, the city became the center of another religion, Islam. During the reign of Amir Timur, the city prospered even more, but at the end of the 17th century it was destroyed. But even today you can see a lot more of the colored, cosmopolitan past of the city.
In 1897, the now famous Termez was built as a garrison town again in the context of Russian colonization. At the time, the area belonged to Turkestan.
The following historical and architectural monuments are located in Termez:
- Kyrk - Kyz ( outside the city - palace, manor ) (9th - 14th century. )
- Palace of Termezer rulers (11th - 12th century)
- Architectural Ensemble Sultan Saodat (10th - 18th century)
- Kokildora Mausoleum khanaka (16th century)
- Kara -Tepe monastery (2nd - 4th century)
- Fayaz -Tepe monastery (1st - 3rd century)
- Zurmala Tower (1st - 2nd century)
During the war in Afghanistan (1979-1989) the city was an important transit point of the Soviet Army. At the time, more than 100,000 soldiers of all branches of service were stationed in the city. Even today home to Termez approximately 10,000 soldiers of the Uzbek armed forces.
In Termez is the Strategic airlift base Termez. Here all troop and supply transports for the German ISAF contingent are expected.