Terraced house

Townhouse ( Switzerland: Row house ) referred to in the architecture a single-family home, forming a closed ranking with other similarly designed houses.

Manifestations and characteristics

The houses can slightly offset or be applied in an exact number. The series thus formed is aligned in parallel to a road or a limited space. Terraced houses can trenchless method taking an entire city block, or be broken down into individual house groups.

Put only two uniformly designed houses with their side walls to each other, one speaks of a double house.

When the last building in the row of houses is not a corner building and is exposed on three sides, it is called a row house.

Mid-terrace houses are built each up on the two side property lines. These two lateral end walls may have no windows and must be made fire resistant. That's why they are called fire walls. Reihenendhäuser can only be built on the side to the side property line, at the follow the other townhouses. On the free-standing home page, the respective provisions for neighboring buildings and thus usually have a minimum distance to the property line are complied with. Furthermore, a terrace house only has a fire wall. Homes that are not built at the end of the series, do not have to be insulated on the side walls and it was formerly often a side wall of each house can be saved.

The term says nothing about the size of the building. Often it is the case of smaller terraced houses around a series of nearly identical type houses that were built on a road or block edge or in a staircase- like arranged. These types of buildings that have only one or two superposed flats, usually have their own garden behind the house.

Private detached in terraced houses enjoyed especially in the 1950s and 1960s great popularity as a private home could be built on a relatively small plot of land. This showed in addition to the lower production costs due to one or both side walls on fire and a better balance of heat energy than a comparably built detached house.

Particularly widespread and common than the apartment building are rows of houses in Northwest Europe ( British Isles, the Netherlands, Belgium and North-West Germany, where especially in Bremen: Bremen house). Its inhabitants are mostly the owners.

The majority in the industrialized regions of England 1850-1900 built with elements of Victorian architecture built row houses of brick bricks are called Terraced houses. A row of houses can have more than 50 houses; two adjacent houses always share a chimney and are therefore arranged in mirror image. The reason for the uniformly executed in brick facades located in the former severe air pollution in industrial areas by carbon black, the colored whitewashed facades quickly black; a dirty brick facade is cleaned by grinding. Terraced houses, which emerged after World War II, are called into England Town houses.

In Germany, row houses are still popular; the new buildings rely on the model of the pre-industrial multi-story town house on a small narrow footprint. With the criticism of the so-called area- consuming " but relaxed city ", especially of single-family house areas, the compacted city is a model again.

International examples

Great Britain

Am Schweizer Garten, Berlin, Germany

Painted Ladies, San Francisco, USA

Ålstensgatan in Bromma, Sweden

Riksrådsvägen in Stockholm, Sweden