Theodor Schönemann

Theodor Schönemann ( born April 4, 1812 in Driesen, Neumark, † January 16, 1868 in Brandenburg an der Havel ) was a German mathematician.

Life and work

Beautiful man studied at the University of Berlin, including mathematics with Jacob Steiner, with whom he later combined, at the University of Königsberg ( where he heard Carl Gustav Jacobi ) and the Commercial Institute in Berlin. He received his doctorate in Berlin in 1842 and went in 1842 as a teacher at the High School in Brandenburg, where he was senior teacher and professor.

He has published over number theory (especially in Crelle 's Journal ) and mechanics with applications in technology, for example to the weighbridge. and the use of lever mechanisms for measurements in collisions, moments of inertia and velocity of fast moving objects. Most recently, he published in 1858 a work on the pressure in a liquid at the outlet of a capillary tube.

In number theory he found the reciprocity law of Scholz for square residuals in real quadratic number fields in 1839 (long before Scholz 1929), the Eisenstein criterion before Gotthold Eisenstein 's lemma Kurt Hensel Hensel long ago. It was even the beginning of the 20th century customary to name the Eisenstein criterion Beautiful man and Eisenstein, but seems later presentation at Bartel Leendert van der Waerden to have prevailed in the Modern Algebra, the names it only after Eisenstein. Beautiful man himself showed in 1850 Crelle 's Journal again express to take priority over the Eisenstein back ( and that his evidence was not substantially different from that of Eisenstein ). In his work of 1846, he claims to be trying to build on the unpublished studies of Gauss on the general theory of equations in the Kongruenzarithmetik, it is referring to in the Disquisitiones Arithmeticae.

He was also with his investigations of congruences of functions of one of the pioneers of the theory of finite body (later called the Galois field ), published in 1846, regardless of Evariste Galois and Carl Friedrich Gauss He was asked, at the request of Carl Gustav Jacobi also with the Galois theory and filled some gaps in the representation of Galois (1853 ). According to Karl -Heinz smokestacks he penetrated but not very deep into the underlying algebraic structures, as did around the same time, Leopold Kronecker.

Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet recommended him in 1853 to the Ministry for further promotion.

His son P. Beautiful man was high school senior teacher in Soest.

Writings

• Theory of symmetric functions of the roots of an equation. General theorems on congruences, together with some applications thereof, Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Volume 19, 1839, pp. 231-243, 289-308 Part 1, Part 2
• The geometric constructions of flat and conical wheel and tooth curves, Berlin 1841
• About the congruence x ² y ² ≡ 1 (mod p) ( theory of trigonometric functions in terms of congruences ), Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics 19, 1839, pp. 93-112, online
• Outlines of a general theory of higher congruences whose modulus is a real prime, J. Pure Applied Math, Volume 31, 1846, pp. 269-325, online first in 1844 as outlines of a general theory of higher congruences whose modulus is a real prime, Annual Report of the United Alt and Neustädtische Gymnasium Brandenburg aH, born 1842/44, online