Thomas Anderson (chemist)
Thomas Anderson ( born July 2, 1819 in Leith, Scotland, † November 2, 1874 ) was a Scottish chemist and physician who was concerned with organic chemistry.
Life
Anderson studied medicine at Edinburgh University and received his doctorate there in 1841. During the following years he began leading studies of organic chemistry in Sweden, Germany and Austria, and took after his return to Scotland to teach at. In 1852 he became a professor at the University of Glasgow as the successor of Thomas Thomson. Besides his teaching, Anderson was an editor at the magazine Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal. In 1859 he became chairman of the Glasgow Philosophical Society and in 1867 Chairman of the chemical department of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. 1872 Anderson was honored for his research on organic bases Dippels animal oil, and codeine, the crystallized constituents of opium, as well as piperine and papaverine, and his research on the physiological and animal chemistry with the Royal Medal in Chemistry. A neurological disorder in which it could well have been syphilis, forced him in 1874 to return his teaching. His successor was John Ferguson. Anderson died at the end of the same year in Chiswick.
Work
Anderson discovered a number of organic compounds, which he often extracted from animal material or distilled. Among these numerous heterocyclic bases and alkaloids, such as pyridine or picoline, which he had obtained by dry distillation of bone oil, which forms by strong heating of dry bones.
" The first of these bases, which I will call pyridine is included in the transferred at about 115 ° C serving. This portion has a picolinic of the very similar, but even stronger and more poignant smell. It is completely transparent and colorless, and turns not in contact with the air. It is soluble in any proportion in water and slightly in volatile and non- volatile oils. In concentrated acids it dissolves under high heat, and is very readily soluble salts with the same. "
Significant writings
- Elements of Agricultural Chemistry, 1860