Three Kingdoms of Korea

• Jeulmun - time (8000-1500 BC)
• Mumun period (1500-300 BC)

• Jin- guk (3rd - 2nd century BC)
• Wiman Go- Joseon ( 194-108 BC)

• * Buyeo (2nd century BC - 494 AD)
• * Goguryeo (37 BC - 668 AD )
• Okjeo (2nd century BC - 5th century AD)
• Dongye (3rd century BC - 5th century AD)
• Mahan (1st century BC - 3rd century AD)
• Byeonhan (1st - 4th century AD)
• Jinhan (1st - 4th century AD)
• Four commanderies * (108 BC - 313 AD)

• * Goguryeo (37 BC - 668 AD )
• Baekje (18 BC - 660 AD)
• Silla ( 57 BC - 935 AD)
• Gaya (42 AD - 532 AD)

• United Silla ( 668-935 )
• * Balhae ( 698-926 )

• Later Baekje ( 892-936 )
• Taebong ( 901-918 )
• United Silla ( 668-935 )

• Goryeo (918-1392)
• Joseon (1392-1897)
• Empire of Korea (1897-1910)

• Korea under Japanese Rule (1910-1945)
• Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea (1919-1948)

• North Korea (since 1948)
• South Korea (since 1948)

• List of rulers of Korea

When the Three Kingdoms of Korea are the kingdoms of Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla called who dominated large parts of the Korean peninsula and Manchuria between the 1st century BC until the 7th century AD. The period from the fall of the northern kingdom of Go- Joseon or its short-lived successor Wiman Joseon and the relatively little-explored southern kingdom Jin up to Silla victory over Goguryeo is therefore called in Korean history as the Three Kingdoms period.

Some historians consider the term for false chosen as a yet another marked by Koreans Buyeo kingdom from the 2nd century BC to 494 AD existed in Manchuria, which was conquered 494 of Goguryeo.

Reports of this period are based mainly on the Samguk Sagi ( History of the Three Kingdoms ), the oldest surviving Korean writing about the history of Korea ( there are also Chinese sources). The extent to which the information in the Samguk Sagi are true is questionable, since it can be assumed that the author Kim Bu -sik, who belonged as 38 of the 56 Silla kings to the Gyeongju Kim clan tried the supposed superiority of the later dominant Kingdom Silla highlight.

Can be shown that the three kingdoms between the 4th and 6th centuries AD, had emerged as an influential states. Koguryo was doing the tiger as an emblem, Baekje and Silla the bear a cock.

The three kingdoms

The three kingdoms were probably founded soon after the defeat of Go- Joseon and the fall of the southern kingdom Jin as city-states and won by the incorporation of the surrounding areas gradually influence. Three of the four Chinese commanderies which were established by the Han Dynasty 108 BCE after defeating Wiman Joseon on whose territory fell quickly to the loose confederation Jinhan to the east of present-day South Korea, should emerge from the later Silla. The last Lelang, was defeated 313 AD Goguryeo. All three kingdoms possessed a similar culture that was influenced by the close relationship with the Chinese Empire heavily on Confucianism and Daoism. They all led to the 4th century AD Buddhism as a state religion.

Goguryeo

The Kingdom of Goguryeo was the Korean Samguk Sagi historical work ( came approx. 1100 ) to the year 37 BC on the banks of the Yalu River in what is now the border between North Korea and China, founded by King Jumong. Probably, it was older and had already almost 100 years earlier split off of Go - Joseon. In Chinese writings, the name of Goguryeo place in the year 75 BC mention.

Goguryeo was soon able to conquer large parts of Manchuria. It was thus the largest of the three kingdoms. After 313 AD, had defeated the Chinese Lelang Commandery, it moved his capital south to Rakrang ( Hangul: 락랑 ​​), which was located on the territory of modern Pyongyang. In the 5th century AD, at the zenith of his power, Goguryeo occupied the north, the Chinese Liaodong Peninsula and in the south, the area around present-day Seoul. Once in China, the Sui Dynasty had 581 reunited the kingdom, Goguryeo was repeatedly subjected to attacks of Chinese troops that went on at the below Tang Dynasty.

Baekje

After the Samguk Sagi, the Kingdom of Baekje in the year 18 BC by King Onjo, a son of the founder of Goguryeo was founded in what is now Seoul. It included the southwest of the Korean Peninsula. The Chinese writing Sanguo Zhi means a member of the Mankhan States Federal as " Baekje ".

Baekje acquired largely Chinese culture and technology. As a naval power, it played an important role in trade and relations with Japan.

Silla

The Samguk Sagi reported that the Kingdom of Saro (also Seorabol ) was founded in 57 BC by the union of Jinhan, a confederation of city-states. Saro was renamed 503 AD in Silla.

The capital of Silla Seorabol (present-day Gyeongju ). Excavations suggest that Silla culture was strongly influenced by nomadic tribes in the north and the influence of Chinese culture was correspondingly lower.

Smaller States

Other smaller states existed in the period of the three kingdoms that were conquered by little from the three major kingdoms:

• Conquered Baekje and Silla: Gaya on the south coast of the peninsula
• Conquered by Goguryeo: Dongye and Okjeo on the northern coast of the peninsula
• Buyeo north of the peninsula: controlled before his demise of Goguryeo
• Usan on Ulleungdo and Tamna to Jeju: Silla dependent vassal states

Downfall

Silla verleibte the Kingdom of Gaya in the first half of the 6th century AD, whereupon Goguryeo and Baekje allied against Silla. In order to defend themselves against the attacks of his rivals to defend the king of Silla requested the help of the Chinese Tang dynasty, which was made possible by the recently conquered access to the Yellow Sea. After Silla had first occupied, with the support of its Chinese ally Baekje (660 AD) and finally Goguryeo ( 668 AD), it drove the remaining Tang troops, ushering in the era of Unified Silla on the Korean peninsula.