Tigranocerta

38.14222222222241.001388888889Koordinaten: 38 ° 9 ' N, 41 ° 0' O

Martyropolis is an ancient city in the Arzanene and is situated in the Turkish province of Diyarbakir. The present name is Silvan.

Name

In Armenian and Roman times the city was called Tigranocerta (Armenian: Tigranakert ), in Aramaic Mîyâfâriqîn / Maipherqat / Maiferkat, in the Byzantine period Tagrith temporarily Justinianopolis and from the 5th century Martyropolis.

History

The city is already known from inscriptions from the time of the Akkadian king Naram -Sin (2260-2223) known. The Niḫirija ( URUni -hi -ri -a- ni) the Hittite, Assyrian and Urartian sources is usually equated with Martyropolis. However, it was also proposed Egil on the upper Tigris.

Tigranes II decided, the settlement to expand next Artaxata the Araxes to the capital. To this end, he deported the citizens of twelve Cappadocian cities, including Mazaca, here. Before completion of the construction work, the city was conquered but BC 69 by Lucullus, and the Greek aristocrats returned to their hometowns Cappadocian.

The Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo Roman general conquered the city in 58 and put Tigranes VI. as king of Armenia instead of Trdat I. a.

After the town was conquered by Shapur II, suffered the inhabitants who refused to convert to Zoroastrianism to martyrdom.

Bishop Maruthas of Sophene and Tagrith was sent by the emperor Theodosius I as an envoy to the court of the Persian king Yazdegerd I.. There he allegedly drove a daughter Yazdegerds an evil spirit from. Under Maruthas a magnificent basilica was built for the martyrs of Tagrith, and the city took the name Martyropolis.

The city was expanded magnificently by Theodosius II. She fell under Anastasius I to the Persians, and Justinian I. back to the Romans. In the early 8th century, the Arabs conquered. In the 10th century it became an independent bishopric and clung to Monophysitism. After the Battle of Manzikert it was the seat of a Seljuk emir.

Famous citizens

  • Maruthas († 422), bishop and saint; Participants of the second Ecumenical Council 381 and the Council of Antioch 390
  • Basil, bishop in the 9th century

Titular

Martyropolis is now a Titularerzbistum suffragan of Amida ( Diyarbakir ) in Mesopotamia. Currently, the title of bishop is not awarded. The last incumbent was João Rezende Costa from 1957 to 15 November 1967.

Swell

  • Little Pauly, keyword Tigranocerta
  • M. Salvini: The historical geography of the Sevan region in the Urartian period. In: Raffaele Biscione, Simon Hmayakyan Neda Parmegiani (ed.): The North -Eastern frontier Urartians and non- Urartians in the Lake Sevan basin. Rome: CNR, Istituto di studi sulle civiltà dell'Egeo e del Vicino Oriente, 2002.
Armenian language Naram-Sin of Akkad Hittites History of the Assyrian people Tigranes the Great Deportation Tigranes VI of Armenia History of Armenia Tiridates I of Armenia Maruthas of Martyropolis Anastasius I Dicorus Arab people First Council of Constantinople Synods of Antioch Suffragan diocese
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