Tokugawa Iesada
Iesada Tokugawa (徳 川 家 定; born May 6, 1824 Palace of Edo; † August 14, 1858 ), was from 1853 to 1858 the 13th shogun of the Edo period in Japan. During his tenure, the forced opening of Japan fell by imperialist powers.
Journey
Iesaki Tokugawa (徳 川 家 祥) was the third natural son of Tokugawa Ienari ( of 20 surviving children had ). His mother was the Honju - in (本 寿 院). His health was weak. His childhood name was Masanosuke (政 之 助). Just four years old, he had received the second court rank and title of an Dainagon. He was adopted by his brother Tokugawa Ieyoshi. When he 30 -year-old took up the post of shogun, he soon changed it ( 23/11/1853 ) his name in Iesada. He was considerably assisted by councilors Hotta Masayoshi Abe Masahiro and. Later Ii Naosuke rose to become the leaders of the Bakufu.
Shortly after taking office, was released on August 21, 1853 with four warships in Nagasaki, the Russian Admiral Putyatin. Already on July 14 Matthew Perry landed in Uraga with 300 soldiers. Both negotiated independently but compete with each other, with the Bakufu, which then the conclusion of the Treaty of Kanagawa ( March 31, 1854; Nichi - In washin jōyaku ) was forced. Putyatin reached on 7 February 1855 the Shimoda Treaty an almost word for word the same agreement. The Dutch and British soon after forced into similar agreements. This formed the starting point for the opposition sonno Joi movement ( " Worship the Emperor, away with the barbarians ").
In November Iesada received for the first time a stranger, the American Consul General Townsend Harris, in audience. For the first time the shogun stepped towards strangers under the title Tycoon (大君, from the English. Tycoon ) on. In subsequent years, followed by various trade agreements, which deprived the Japanese side.
Throughout his life he was awarded his position appropriate high Hofränge with corresponding meaningless in practice positions. His grave is located in the Kan'ei -ji in Ueno. Posthumously, the name Onkyo in (温 恭 院), as well as the first real court rank with the office of Grand Chancellor ( dajo daijin ) it was awarded.
Women
His principal wife was Takatsukasa Hideko (鹰 司 任 子). Concubines were also hofadligen Ichijō Hideko (一条 秀 子), the Choshin - in and the tenso -in from the home Konoe, who died young. Then there was a concubine.
Literature and sources
- Ramming, Martin ( ed.); Japan 's Manual; Berlin 1941; S 604
- Berend Wispelwey (ed.): Japanese Biographical Archive; Munich 2007, ISBN 3-598-34014-1, Fiche 386
Film
Life Iesadas and his wife in 2008 was dramatized by NHK titled Atsuhime.