Tornado (sailboat)

The Tornado is a twin-hull sailboat or catamaran, the fastest International class. Like all boat classes he wears his class characters in the mainsail, a hurricane with two lines under it.

History

The Tornado was developed in 1967 by the Englishman Rodney March with the assistance of Terry Pierce and Reginald White. At the time it was talking to include a catamaran in the Olympic sailing boats. In the knockout round of the ISAF Tornado defeated the other being beaten boats playing, and in 1976 the first olympic. In November 2007, the ISAF decided against a Tornado competition at the Olympic Games in 2012.

Due to the effort of the catamaran sailing the Tornado has long been exclusively sailed by men, but also mixed teams have pushed under the best in the world in recent years, with women usually act as helmsman and the men as bowman.

The manufacturers are or were: Marström (S ), White Formula (GB ), White ( GB), Sailcraft England (UK), Phantercraft ( GB), glass ( D), Denninger and Maile (D) Wallner ( A) Steiner (A), Scheurer (CH), Boyer (CDN ) and others.

Revisions to the class of boat

To trim the boat on the sporting matters of the day and age, it was changed in 2000. He got a second trapeze ( for the helmsman ) and a gennaker with 25 sqm sail area, as well as the sail area of the mainsail was on 17 m², which increases the jib on 7 m².

2005, the Tornado was fitted with a mast made ​​of carbon. This has further increased the performance of the boat.

The revisions, however, led to the fact that the race fields reduced because not all sailors were rearming for cost reasons, to its current level, with the conventional design of the boat but had no more chance of getting good rankings.

Sailing

The Tornado is a typical catamaran and sailed usually only on a trunk ( he "flies" so to speak, over the water ). Thus it has less water resistance and reaches top speeds of over 30 knots. Here, the tornado between wind abeam is (wind blowing perpendicular to the direction of travel) and downwind ( wind coming diagonally from the rear ) the fastest.

Decisive for the relatively high speed is primarily that the catamaran can carry more sail area than a comparable monohull in the mass, as it is capable of accommodating more wind pressure. This is achieved primarily through the high righting moment due to the boat's width. In addition, the righting moment by shifting the team's weight ( riding, trapeze) is increased even further. This is again the catamaran effective than the monohull, because a larger lever arm is available.

By profiled sails (rotating mast, battened mainsail ) is increased again by around 20 % of the aerodynamic efficiency of the sail.

The Tornado is the fastest sailed when - due to the heel - the Luvrumpf just comes out of the water. The targeted use of trimming devices, in particular the Travellers, the catamaran to about force 6 can sail safely. An experienced crew can abwettern even stronger gusts, which leaves more to wind itself but only partly converted into propulsion.

At higher seas may occur to kern. This " pierced" the bows of the Leerumpfes in a wave crest, leading to an abrupt deceleration (plug ) and at worst a rollover leads forward.

780165
de