Toshiki Kaifu

Toshiki Kaifu (Japanese海 部 俊 树, Kaifu Toshiki; born January 2, 1931 in Nagoya ) is a former Japanese politician of the Liberal Democratic Party ( LDP). He was from 9am August 1989 to November 1991 the 48th Prime Minister of Japan and was a member of the Shūgiin, of the House, for the 9th electoral district of Aichi Prefecture. He belonged to the Nikai faction.

Rise in the LDP

Kaifu studied literature at Waseda University. In 1960 Shūgiin - election he was first elected as the nation's youngest member to parliament. Since then, he was re-elected 15 times. In 1966 he was first secretary of state (initially the Ministry of Labour ), 1976 first education minister in the cabinet of Fukuda Takeo. Within the party he belonged to the Miki faction and was following the withdrawal of Miki Takeo 's most influential politicians of the faction behind the President Toshio Komoto.

From 1985 to 1986 Kaifu was again Minister of Education. In light of the scandals that damaged the LDP in the late 1980s to Kaifu called for a " clean politics " and moderate reforms. After the Recruit scandal had brought the party chairman Noboru Takeshita 1989 case, his successor Uno Sōsuke was forced to resign after three months because of a scandal. August 8, 1989 Kaifu was of the LDP lawmakers from both chambers with 279 votes against Yoshirō Mori (120 votes) Shintaro Ishihara and (48 votes) was elected party chairman.

Reign and fall

Kaifu was considered a weak prime minister, as his faction was one of the smaller in LDP and he was therefore dependent within the party to make concessions to the larger factions. However, he put a " ethical standards " by and avoided later assign affected by scandals politicians back post, as it was usual otherwise.

After only two years in office he considers important party leaders deprived of their support. He announced not to run again for the party presidency. In November 1991, he resigned and was replaced by Kiichi Miyazawa, the many politicians affected by the Recruit scandal made ​​with coverage by the major factions back to ministers. Kaifus ideas for a " clean politics " and a planned electoral reform were put aside again.

Miyazawas reign was marked by new scandals. Above all, the Sagawa Express scandal in 1992 undermined the credibility of the LDP. With the establishment of the New Japan Party began a "boom of new parties ", which was fed by disgruntled MPs who left the LDP. On 18 June, the Reform Forum 21, the faction of Tsutomu Hata and Ichiro Ozawa agreed, together with the opposition for a vote of no confidence, so brought Miyazawa case and then left the LDP to establish the renewal party. The resulting general election confirmed the split in the LDP and led to the first transfer of power since the establishment of the LDP in 1955.

Opposition and return to the LDP

Kaifu himself left the party in 1994, after she returned in April, thanks to the internal conflicts of the coalition government and cooperation with the Japan Socialist Party in the government. Together with Ozawa and Hata, he founded the New Progressive Party and became its first chairman of the party. After the dissolution of the party he belonged from 1998 to the " Assembly of Independents ", then from 1999 to Ozawa's Liberal Party. A year later he was one of the deputies who wanted to work with the LDP, the founders of the Conservative Party. In 2003 he returned together with the remaining members of his party back to the LDP and formed there the Nikai faction.

In the 2009 election Shūgiin Kaifu lost his constituency and subsequently announced his retirement from politics.

Awards

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