Toxic 100
The Toxic 100 index is a ranking of the 100 largest polluters in the United States under international industrial companies. The ranking was created in 2002 and were updated in 2008 for the first time. The current version was made public in March 2010. The list is from 1998 founded Political Economy Research Institute ( PERI, German: Institute for Political Economy Research ), a legally independent institution of the University of Massachusetts Amherst with close links to business school, as part of the Corporate Toxics Information Project ( German as: project information created concerning emissions of companies ). The PERI refers back to the Freedom of Information Act and the right to clean air and pure water (see, Toxic Substances Control Act ).
The ranking is created using three criteria:
- Gift points: the mass of the votes in the air locally to pollutants and indirectly through elsewhere incinerated waste materials of the undertaking concerned ( Incineration transfers ) is used as basis in accordance with the official pollutant emitters register ( Toxics Release Inventory, TRI) of the Federal Environmental Protection Agency U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for the year 2005, in which additionally by a factor of spreading intensity into the environment and the degree of toxicity of the chemicals and the number of people affected is included. This weighting of the raw data is done in accordance with the formal risk - screening environmental indicators for the EPO.
- Mass of the directly and indirectly expelled air toxins, without weighting the toxicity and the number of people affected
- Significance ( coverage): The ranking is limited to the representation of the poison points for the companies that are included in lists of magazines Fortune, Forbes Magazine, and / or the Standard & Poor's list of the largest companies of 2007. Separate establishments are hereby added to the parent company ( based on the latest available information on the ownership structure ).