Transpersonal psychology

Transpersonal psychology and builds on it Transpersonal Psychotherapy extend the classical psychology and psychotherapy to philosophical, religious and spiritual aspects.

Transpersonal psychology developed from other schools of psychology such as psychoanalysis, behaviorism, and humanistic psychology. Transpersonal psychology attempts to describe spiritual experiences and to integrate into the existent modern psychological theory. Kinds of experiences that are considered include, inter alia, mysticism, epiphany, altered states of consciousness and trance. Although Carl Jung, Otto Rank, and other aspects of the spiritual and transpersonal have studied in her work, John Miller, American Psychiatric Association noted that Western psychology has a tendency to ignore the spiritual dimension of the human psyche.

Content

Transpersonal psychology examines states of consciousness " beyond" ( trans) the personal experience: Awareness, Mystery, Paranormal, expansion of consciousness, irrational, transcendence, spirituality, religion, etc.

Founder

The term was coined in the late 1960s by representatives of humanistic psychology in the United States. Initially, the term " transhumanistisch " in conversation, but was then discarded in favor of the " transpersonal ". Significant founder and theorists of transpersonal psychology and Stanislav Grof, Anthony Sutich, Frances Vaughan, Roger Walsh, Abraham Maslow, Ronald D. Laing, Charles Tart, Roberto Assagioli and Ken Wilber. In Europe, elements of analytical psychology of Carl Gustav Jung, who founded by Viktor Emil Frankl Logotherapy and founded by Charles Fried Count Dürckheim initiatory therapy in transpersonal psychology were integrated.

Therapeutic methods

In the transpersonal psychotherapy in addition to elements of different humanistic therapies especially meditative and hypnotic techniques and methods of physical therapy, the initiatory therapy by Count Dürckheim, Holotropic Breathwork, psycholytic psychotherapy, shamanic techniques and other spiritual techniques. This should be mind-expanding experience possible, then sustainable impact on the lives of the people.

In academic psychology, transpersonal psychology is often viewed critically due to this combination of spiritual and psychological concepts. Against the Transpersonal Psychotherapy is used by the Protestant side, that empirical evidence for the existence of a " transpersonal awareness space" would be missing. Their underlying principles are speculative and unscientific according to the current consensus, because an empirically verifiable theory and religious wisdom teachings would mix.