Treaty of Rome
The Treaty establishing the European Community (EC Treaty, in short, of the EC Treaty or EC) has been renamed by Article 2 of the Lisbon Treaty with effect from 1 December 2009 under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union.
Originally, the contract had been called Treaty establishing the European Economic Community (EEC Treaty ). Of the EEC Treaty was renamed the Treaty and renumbered by the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1997 by the Treaty of Maastricht in 1992. The name changes were each associated with significant changes in the contract.
The European Economic Community was established by the Treaty. It was concluded for an unlimited time. The contract is one of the primary sources of law within the European law. With the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon on 1 December 2009, the European Community has been merged with the existing European Union; they exist as a sole legal entity under the name of continued European Union.
The Treaty also signed in 1957 and the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community ( EURATOM) referred to as the Treaty of Rome.
First signatories were on 25 March 1957 in Rome, the representative of Belgium, the Federal Republic of Germany, France, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. The contract contents had been drawn up at the Bilderberg conferences in advance. He joined at the beginning of 1958 after the deposit of the last instrument of ratification ( under Article 313 with the Government of the Italian Republic ) entered into force.
Later the following states joined the treaty at:
- Kingdom of Denmark, the Hellenic Republic, the Kingdom of Spain, Republic of Ireland, Republic of Austria, the Portuguese Republic, the Republic of Finland, the Kingdom of Sweden, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Republic of Estonia, Republic of Latvia, Republic of Lithuania, Republic of Poland, Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Republic of Hungary, Slovenia, Malta, Cyprus, Romania and Bulgaria.
The Treaty made the continuation of the tendency of cooperation in Europe on specific sub-areas after the Second World War and after the founding of the ECSC dar. was preceded by attempts to establish a Defence Community ( EDC Treaty ), but failed because the French National Assembly ( Parliament), with 319 to 264 votes against uttered to vote on the proposed contract. It was followed by the realization that the European integration in the economic field would initially easier to promote.
The main provisions of the Treaty on the European Coal and Steel Community ( ECSC ECSC ) were transferred after its expiry in 2002 in the Treaty.
The usual abbreviation is TEC, in the citation of individual items, however, the European Court wished use of the acronym EC when it is quoted in today's numbering ( TEC in old numbering), for example " Art 81 EC " (formerly " Article 85 of the EC Treaty "). This abbreviation has therefore enforced in many journals, but on the other hand, even in the EU institutions everywhere. If no specific provision is quoted, it must in any case the TEC hot because EC is an acronym for "European Community (s) ".
The contract has supranational legislative nature and is takes precedence over national law. With the " Solange II " decision of the Federal Constitutional Court, this design was also constitutionally recognized.