Treaty of Tolentino

The Treaty of Tolentino, who had come into existence on February 19, 1797 between the Roman Curia and the (first) French Republic finished, provisionally the armed clashes between the troops of the Papal States and the French army in Italy during General Napoleon Bonaparte Italian campaign.

History

To fighting between revolutionary France and the Vatican had occurred when the French Republic tried in the summer of 1796 to issue ripe to northern and central Italy. They were accompanied, both in France and in Rome by hostile demonstrations on the part of political activists ( Giacobini, Italian Revolutionary, or Zelanti, pope faithful traditionalists ). In general, the relationship between the Curia and France had deteriorated gradually since the revolution, which is due in part to the French church policy ( see article for de-Christianization after 1789 ). So both states were represented in each other only by envoys and no longer officially diplomatically. The inception of the violent crackdown against the Papal States as such, the annexation of the Papal enclave of County venaissin with the city of Avignon in southern France in 1791 should apply.

Under the terms of the contract ( which has been dubbed only on the French side as peace ), State of the Church ( 1 ) joined the legations of Bologna, Ferrara and Ravenna to France respectively the Cispadanische Republic from and paid also ( 2 ) a " penance " in the amount of 30 million lire. Double severity latter provision was the fact that due to the emptiness of the exchequer had to date in the payment in the form of art treasures. Furthermore, were the curia ( 3 ) disarmament clauses imposed, " brought the numerous layoffs of good officers and men with him and the papal government of police protection for the suppression of the rebellion always more threatening appetites almost completely bare. "

As a result of the oppressive provisions of the contract, the Papal States, both its internal as well as its external resistance had been robbed, causing him to be in another scene an easy prey of the French troops and local revolutionary collaborators. On 10 February 1798, the French Army of Italy occupied by General Berthier, the city of Rome at central points and a handful of patriotic proclaimed on February 15, 1798 in the presence of General the Repubblica Romana, the first Roman republic of the modern age.