Treaty of Ulm (1620)

The Ulmer contract was a neutrality agreement between the Catholic League and the Protestant Union under French mediation.

French diplomacy resulted in the signing of the contract on July 31, 1620 based on two criteria. Firstly, it was clear that Frederick V of the Palatinate (1596-1632) Bohemia would not be able to hold and the victory of the Habsburgs should be limited to this area. Secondly, the French court was sure that a liberated from the possible burden of Heresy Protestant Union would defend the bank of the Rhine against Spanish claims. This second assumption proved miscalculation, because a Protestant front against Spain and against the troop movements of the Spanish general Spinola Ambrosio (1569-1630), who was preparing to attack the Palatinate, was not recognizable.