Trichophorum alpinum
Alpine grass bulrush ( Trichophorum alpinum)
The Alpine grass bulrush ( Trichophorum alpinum, Syn: Eriophorum alpinum, Scirpus hudsonianus ) belongs to the family of the Sedge family ( Cyperaceae ). Other common names are Alpine Hair sills, alpine bulrush hair or wool alpine grass. This plant grows in rain and intermediate marshes and in marsh forests on wet, acidic peat soils. In the Alps and the foothills of the Alps, the species is an ice age relic with decreasing tendency.
Description
The Alpine - sedge grass is a perennial, herbaceous plant that reaches the heights of growth between 10 and 40 centimeters. This evergreen Geophyt forms over short foothills of the rhizome dense lawn. The stems grow upright rigid. They are sharply triangular, distinctly striped, gray-green above and rough around the edges. The basal leaf sheaths are yellow-brown. The sheaths of the upper stem leaves are green and wear a short rough around the edges, 1-3 inches long leaf blade.
The bracts of the inflorescence are short and spelzenähnlich. This consists of a terminal, elliptic, 5-7 mm long, eight to zwölfblütigen spikelets. The yellow-brown glumes are ovate and blunt. The individual flowers each carry three stamens ( anthers ) and three scars ( gynoecium ). Four to six Blütenhüllfäden ( Perigonborsten ) up to 25 millimeters long. They are white and somewhat tortuous. The fruit is a caryopsis a special type of nut fruit. This is three -edged, 1 to 1.5 mm long and brown. The Alpine - sedge grass blooms from April to May
Dissemination
The Alpine - sedge grass is circumpolar in all continents of the temperate climate zone deciduous forest zone to the boreal coniferous forest zone ( taiga) distributed in the Northern Hemisphere in Europe, Asia and North America. Your altitudinal distribution ranges from the colline (150 to 200 meters ) to the subapine level to about 1,860 meters above sea level.
Your area size is specified with 10 million to 1.5 billion km ². Your area proportion in Germany is less than 10 %. In terms of their total area is their occurrence in the Federal Republic of the outer region of the continuously settled area represents ( area border). In the Alps and the Alpine foothills, the plant is an ice age relic with decreasing tendency.
Ecology
The Alpine - sedge grass is wind-pollinated ( anemophily ), their seeds are also spread via the wind ( Anemochorie ).
She is a light plant. It grows in full light and tolerates only limited shading. Your ecological focus is on wet, more or less flooded, acidic to strongly acidic, base -rich but poor in lime and usually very nitrogen-poor soils.
Socialization
The Alpine - sedge grass grows preferably in plant communities of small harrows Riede sour and base intermediate Moore. She is the Kennart the class of flat and intermediate Moore ( Scheuchzerio - Caricetea fuscae ) and has ( albae Rhynchosporion ) within this a priority occurrences of the Association of Schlenk companies and the Association of brown sedge swamps ( Caricion lasiocarpae ) and is less common in the Association of Kalkflachmoore and Kalksümpfe ( Caricion davallianae ) ago.
Protection and hazard
The Alpine - sedge grass is worldwide and in Europe are not endangered and does not enjoy any special legal protection. In Germany, however, it is performed as vulnerable ( risk category 3 ). It has many places on a decreasing trend. In four states (Hamburg, Lower Saxony, Brandenburg, Saxony- Anhalt), the plant is considered to be extinct. In Schleswig -Holstein and Mecklenburg- Western Pomerania, the species is threatened with extinction and endangered in Baden- Württemberg.
In Switzerland, the Alpine grass bulrush not threatened (Least Concerned ), but regional ( cantonal) is protected ( § REG).