Triclosan

• 5-chloro- 2-( 2,4- dichlorophenoxy )-phenol
• Irgasan
• TCS
• Triclosanum

White crystalline solid

Fixed

56-58 ° C

> 280 ° C ( decomposition)

• Practically insoluble in water, moderately in sodium hydroxide solution
• Soluble in many organic solvents

Attention

3700 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, rat, oral)

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

Triclosan, which belongs to the chemical substance of polychlorinated phenoxyphenols, a bacterial inhibitor, which is used in disinfectants and as a preservative. The biocide is used primarily in medical and dental offices and in hospitals to prevent the transmission of pathogens. ( Disinfectants belong to the major group 1 of the Biocidal Products (Annex V to Directive 98/8/EC ) and are effective against bacteria, fungi and / or viruses). In addition, triclosan is used in cosmetics, such as toothpaste, deodorants and soaps, and recently also in household cleaners and detergents. The Federal Institute for Risk Assessment ( BfR) does not recommend the use of disinfection, household, such as cleaning agents, since in the cleaners development of resistance of bacteria is to be feared by the low concentration of triclosan caused by cross-resistance ( similar mechanisms of action ) also can spread to doxycycline or ciprofloxacin. In addition, there is evidence that triclosan acts by blocking the calcium channels in the neuromuscular skill of smooth muscle cells.

Use

• Part of disinfectants for professional use in medical practices and hospitals.
• The recipe in the pharmacy ( Germany ) produced cream, 1-3 % strength, eg 1% in base cream DAC for the treatment of infectious skin diseases.
• Active ingredient in cosmetic preparations and dentifrices. Triclosan has antiseptic and deodorizing properties retentive. As a deodorizing additive in solid soaps and liquid soaps ( working concentration: 0.2-0.5 %), deodorant sprays (0.2%) and deodorants ( up to 0.3 %). Also in antiseptic soaps and surgical hand disinfectants based on alcohol; here may be 0.2-2 %, the concentration used.
• A preservative in cosmetic preparations. Maximum authorized concentration for this application in Germany: 0.3%.
• Also, mattress covers, sports and functional textiles, shoes, carpets, plastic cutting boards, etc. are treated with triclosan and " allergy-sufferers " as particularly or " fresh scent " advertised. This is often indicated by names such as Ultra-Fresh, cashmere sweater, Microban, Monolith, Bactonix or Sanitized. The use of triclosan in textiles is controversial because the natural microflora of the skin is attacked.
• In experiments could be combated by triclosan malaria efficiently and effectively.

Biological Significance

Causing muscle weakness in mice

In recent research has been demonstrated in experiments with mice that triclosan can weaken the heart muscle. In this case, the experimental animals triclosan were injected into the abdominal cavity. After ten minutes, a reduction in the pumping capacity of the heart up to 25 percent was observed. This corresponds to the effect of a strong beta-blocker. In another test, triclosan reduced the grip strength of the test animals by 18 percent. Whether these results are transferable to humans remains to be clarified by further research.

Conversion by sunlight

Under sunlight from triclosan polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans can be formed. The Japanese scientists reported in 1988 in an experiment with a sunlit triclosanhaltigen sock after what triclosan was banned for the biocidal treatment of textiles in Japan. Triclosan can be reduced in the waste water to methyltriclosan having a longer half-life in the environment.

Contaminates rivers and lakes

A German -Slovak research team estimates that triclosan place six of the most problematic substances in Europe occupied.

Trade names

Cliniderm (CH), Cremol Knights (CH), Lipo Sol Lotio Widmer (CH), Procutol (CH),

Acne cream Widmer / gel / lotion - (CH), Antebor (CH), DuoGalen (D), Pixor (C ), Rutisept (D), InfectoCortiSept (D), Sulgan -N ( CH), Undex (CH)