Trimethoprim

2,4-diamino- 5-( 3,4,5- trimethoxybenzyl ) pyrimidine

J01EA01

Antibiotic

Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor

199-203 ° C

7.12 (at 20 ° C)

Slightly soluble in water (0.4 g · l-1 at 25 ° C)

2764 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, mouse, oral)

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Trimethoprim is a drug from the group of drugs called antibiotics.

Mechanism of action and spectrum

Trimethoprim is bacteriostatic, by blocking the dihydrofolate reductase, whereby the folate metabolism of gram-positive and gram -negative bacteria is inhibited. As a single agent, which is used primarily for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections, but also against infections of the upper airways. The combination with drugs such as sulfamethoxazole from the group of sulfonamides (giving cotrimoxazole ) extends the spectrum of activity among other protozoa such as Toxoplasma gondii or Pneumocystis jirovecii the fungus, but also increases the range of side effects. The fixed combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole is as cotrimoxazole (short Cotrim ) known. Is further applied, the combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole also used to treat the autoimmune disease with granulomatosis polyangiitis in localized stage.

Side effects

In addition to gastrointestinal symptoms, which are often observed in antibiotics, skin rashes can occur with itchy spots occasionally. In individual cases, severe skin manifestations through to Lyell 's syndrome are described. Rarely occur: aseptic meningitis, an increase of transaminases, bilirubin blood pigment yellow or urinary metabolites creatinine and urea, slight changes in the blood counts and fever. Single case reports are available for skin reactions by light damage ( phototoxic reactions) and inflammation of the pancreas. After prolonged use, it may also lead to the failure of sperm production (spermatogenesis ), and superinfection by budding fungi or resistant bacteria.

Commercial forms

Trimethoprim is also available as a tablet containing 50, 100, 150 or 200 mg of active ingredient, as well as juice with 50 mg in 5 mL. Also known as homeopathic processed allopathic medicinal drug globules ( globule of sucrose size 3) it is offered.

Trade names

Infectotrimet (D, A), Motrim (A), Triprim (A)

Bactrim (A), Cotribene (A), Cotrim (D), Drylin (D), Eusaprim (D, A), Kepinol (D), Lidaprim (A) TMS forte (D)