Trisetum flavescens

Meadow Gold oats ( Trisetum flavescens)

The Meadow Gold oats ( Trisetum flavescens ) in botanical literature gold Grannenhafer, colloquially often only referred Goldhafer, is a plant which belongs to the family of grasses ( Poaceae ). It comes in many parts of Europe as well as in the Caucasus, of course.

Another for the plant species occupied German- trivial name is the name for the region of Bern yellow oat grass

Description

When Meadow Gold oats is a perennial herbaceous plant that plant height of 20 to 80 centimeters reached (rarely to 100). It forms loose clumps. The upright to ascending, yellow -green stalks have two to five more nodes (nodes).

The alternate arranged on the stems leaves are divided into leaf sheath and blade. The leaf sheath is hairy. The very short ligule has a finely toothed margins. The simple leaf blade is 3.5 and 12 cm long and 2-5 mm wide.

The Vielblütige, up to 20 centimeters long, Rispige inflorescence is of characteristic golden yellow color. During the flowering period from May to June, the Rispnäste are spread out, later they are drawn together. The most dreiblütigen, 5-7 mm long spikelets are compressed and keeled, the glumes. The membranous lemma is split in two at the top and carries a gekniete awn. The three stamens are 1.3 to 2.5 (rarely to 2.8) mm long.

Ecology

The Meadow Gold oats is a Hemikryptophyt which forms loose clumps and has numerous renewal buds on short, above-ground Kriechsprossen. Asexual reproduction occurs by short, above or underground runners.

The spikelets are golden yellow to maturity.

The Meadow Gold Oats are synanthropic. Surrounded by their husks caryopses are spread by the wind or by animals. Fruit ripening from July to October. The caryopses are light to germinate.

Occurrence and use of grassland

The Meadow Gold oats occurs in many parts of Europe and the Caucasus. Chance he is a neophyte in North America and New Zealand.

It is found on nutrient - and base-rich meadows, especially in mountainous and hilly country. In the Alps it is found at altitudes up to 2,400 meters. He in fertilized meadows ( Arrhenatheretalia Pawl. 1928) has its distribution area. In an altitude of 400 to 900 meters in cool - humid areas it becomes a characteristic species of the plant community of mountain - rich meadows ( Polygono - Trisetion ) or yellow oat meadows ( Trisetetum Flavescentis ). These are common in the Alps and the Central German Uplands.

The gold oats as a valuable forage grass ( fodder value of 7), who reached culture in areas where he originally did not occur. Its rich content calcitriol can cause calcinosis in for an ample feeding. This effect remains active even in the dry forage.

System

With 2n = 36 Trisetum flavescens has an unusual number of chromosomes within the tribe Aveneae, in which the basic chromosome number is x = 7. The Tribe Aveneae belongs to the subfamily of Pooideae within the family of grasses ( Poaceae ).

The first publication was in 1753 by Linnaeus under the name ( basionym ) Avena flavescens in Species Plantarum, 1, page 80 The recombination to Trisetum flavescens (L.) P.Beauv. was published in 1812 by Ambroise Marie François Joseph de Beauvois Palisot in Essai d'une nouvelle Agrostographie 88, p 153. Other synonyms for Trisetum flavescens (L.) P.Beauv. are: Avena sikkimensis Hook. f, Rebentischia flavescens Opiz, Trisetaria flavescens (L.) Baumg. , Trisetaria flavescens (L.) Maire, Trisetum flavescens subsp. pratense ( Pers.) Asch. & Graebn. , Trisetum pratense Pers ...

From the nominate

  • Trisetum flavescens subsp. flavescens ( Common Meadow Gold oats) to the subspecies differs
  • Trisetum flavescens subsp. purpurascens ( DC.) Arcang. ( Purpurner Meadow Gold oats) by wider on average leaves ( 5-10 mm) and a reddish crowded panicle. Their occurrence is restricted to rocky grassy slopes of the high mountains.

No more Trisetum flavescens include Trisetum flavescens subsp. alpestre (host) Asch. & Graebn. , The Alpine Goldhafer → today Trisetum alpestre (host) P.Beauv.

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