Tropicamide

• (RS)- N-ethyl- 3-hydroxy- 2-phenyl- N-(4 -pyridylmethyl) propanamide (IUPAC)
• (±)- N-ethyl- 3-hydroxy- 2-phenyl- N-(4 -pyridylmethyl) propanamide

S01FA06

White to almost white crystalline powder

Anticholinergic

95-98 ° C

Sparingly soluble in water, slightly soluble in dichloromethane and ethanol

Attention

865 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, rat, oral)

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

Tropicamide is a synthetic drug pupillenerweiternder ( mydriatic ), which is used in the form of eye drops to diagnosis in ophthalmology. Tropicamide inhibit the parasympathetic nervous system ( Parasympatholytikum ) by blocking muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Thus, the pupillenverengende musculus sphincter pupillae is relaxed, it comes to dilation of the pupil ( mydriasis).

The dilation of the pupil occurs after a few minutes and lasts one to two hours. An absorption into the circulatory system is possible, there are, however, no data on the pharmacokinetic behavior and metabolism before.

As side effects are a distinct accommodation paralysis, burning eyes, an increase of intraocular pressure with a possible release of a glaucoma attack, as well as a contact dermatitis. Systemic side effects of anticholinergic type may occur ( dry mouth, skin redness, increased temperature, urinary retention, and tachycardia )

As Contraindications are accordingly primary forms of glaucoma, particularly narrow-angle glaucoma, as well as further indicated pregnancy and lactation. Caution is necessary narrowing of the gastrointestinal tract, hyperthyroidism, pulmonary edema, and myasthenia gravis with tachycardia, congestive heart failure, urinary obstruction.

Stereochemistry

Tropicamide contains a stereocenter, and is therefore chiral. It is a 1:1 mixture ( racemate) of (R )-N -ethyl-3 -hydroxy-2 -phenyl- N-(4 -pyridylmethyl) propanamide and (S )-N -ethyl-3 -hydroxy-2 -phenyl- N-(4 -pyridylmethyl) used propanamide.

Trade names

Mydrum, mydriatic Stulln, Mydriacyl