Tsutomu Hata
Tsutomu Hata (羽 田 孜Japanese Hata Tsutomu, born August 24, 1935 in Ōta, Tokyo Prefecture) is a Japanese politician of the Democratic Party (DPJ ), and a former deputy in the Shūgiin, the lower house. In the party stands behind him own faction, the Hata group. He was on 28 April 1994 to 30 June 1994 the 51st Prime Minister of Japan. In the 1980s, he had risen to a guide politician of the Liberal Democratic Party ( LDP) and broke with his party outlet 1993 their first loss of power with out.
Life
Hata was born in 1935 in the Tokyo District Ōta, the son of the politician Bushiro Hata, who had been a member of the Reichstag for the Rikken Seiyūkai before the Second World War and in the postwar period was a member of the LDP ( Ishii faction ). After studying economics at the Seijo University, he worked initial term of ten years for the bus company Odakyu bus before in 1969 he turned to the withdrawal of his father's policy.
Hata could win in 1969 the constituency of his father, the dreimandatigen constituency Nagano 2, for the LDP at the first attempt with the highest share of the vote in the Shūgiin choice. It has since been re-elected three times since 1996 in single constituency Nagano 3 within the party he joined in 1972 were formed Tanaka faction, which dominated the party in the 1970s. Hata received first cabinet post as Parliamentary Secretary ( seimujikan ) in the Ministry of Post 1975/76 and the Ministry of Agriculture 1976/77. In 1985, he was as Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in the second Cabinet Minister Nakasone first time - a position he took over again in 1988 in the Cabinet Takeshita.
Attempts at reform in the LDP
As Kakuei Tanaka had finally lost in the aftermath of the Lockheed scandal control of his faction, it now was the Takeshita faction out in the Hata among other things beside Ichirō Ozawa, Ryutaro Hashimoto and Keizo Obuchi was one of the guiding politicians, the so-called " Seven Bugyo the Takeshita faction " (竹 下 派 七 奉行, Takeshita -ha nana Bugyo ). In the late 1980s introduced new scandals and the introduction of VAT to a survey depth of the LDP and a first landslide election defeat in 1989 Sangiin choice. Also in the party called for the first voices seiji kaikaku, "political reform " in particular the right to vote and party financing. Under the party leader Prime Minister Toshiki Kaifu Hata conducted from 1990 to 1991 a sub-committee of the Policy Research Council ( PARC ), which should investigate a reorganization of the electoral law. The bill failed in 1991 on intra-party opposition.
Pioneer the change of government
In 1991, Hata Finance Minister in the Cabinet Miyazawa, after being incurred as a reformer Kaifu had resigned. A year later shook the Sagawa scandal - Kyūbin the LDP, in consequence resigned the faction leaders Takeshita and Kanemaru. The experienced Keizo Obuchi The decision about the succession in the Faktionsvorsitz decided for themselves. Hata, Ozawa and their reformist supporters left the faction and founded the Kaikaku Forum 21 (改革 フォーラム21, "Reform Forum 21"; Hata faction ) under Hatas chair. In a cabinet reshuffle in December 1992, the five established factions the important ministerial posts divided among themselves, the Hata faction represented only two head of agency.
In June 1993, finally rejected the Cabinet Miyazawa plans for political reform. Hata and his followers then voted in a confidence vote with the opposition, the LDP lost its majority government. Miyazawa called after the successful vote in elections for the Hata and Ozawa leaked with their followers from the LDP and the Renewal Party founded, led Hata as chairman. In the 1993 election Shūgiin the LDP could not regain their absolute majority and was replaced by a broad coalition of all the former opposition parties except the Communists. The renovation party was now the second largest party with 55 seats government.
In the cabinet Hosokawa Morihiro Hosokawa under Premier ( New Japan Party) was Hata 1993-1994 Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister. As Hosokawa resigned in April 1994 Hata was elected his successor on 25 April in Parliament. Renewal Party joined with New Japan Party and Democratic- Socialist Party united in a common parliamentary faction called Kaishin (改 新, 'reform' ). A day later, before Hatas formal appointment as Prime Minister, the Socialist Party of Japan declared ( SPJ ) to withdraw from the ruling coalition.
Reign
Hatas Cabinet could not be based on a lower house majority due to the withdrawal of SPJ. Main task of his minority government was the budget for the on April 1 Unopened fiscal year 1994, which had not yet been passed in Parliament. After the budget is approved in June 1994, the Cabinet resigned. With 64 days in office, it was the cabinet with the second shortest tenure of the post-war period - shorter lasted only Higashikuni the Cabinet, which had ruled Japan immediately after the surrender in 1945. The LDP returned by a coalition agreement with the SPJ back into government.
Re-formation of the opposition parties
After the return of the LDP to power Hata stopped beside Ozawa a guide politicians in the reform conservative forces that had turned away from the LDP. In 1994, the renewal party in the New Progressive Party of NFP Toshiki Kaifu. There Hata was until 1996 one of three deputy party chairman. The NFP solved the SPJ from the largest opposition party, which fell back to the size of a splinter party by their government participation in elections. However, Ozawa's leadership style led to the disintegration of the NFP. Hata joined by the less successful Shūgiin election of 1996 and founded with his followers the Taiyōtō ( "Sun Party"). In 1998 he became chairman of the Minseitō, which was created by the merger with two other groups from the 1997 final resolution NFP. Shortly thereafter, the Minseitō participated with the DPJ of Yukio Hatoyama and Naoto Kan and other groups in the creation of the "new " Democratic Party. Hata until 2000 was General Secretary, then to 2002 "Special Officer " ( tokubetsu - Daihyō ) now the main opposition party. Since 2002, he has " the highest adviser " ( saikō komon ) of the DPJ.
Followers and companions Hatas are in the DPJ in within the party rather conservatively oriented " Research for policy strategy " (政 権 戦 略 研究 会, Seiken Senryaku Kenkyūkai ) gathered, which is usually referred to as the Hata group.
To Shūgiin election 2012, Hata withdrew. His constituency should take his son Yuichiro for the DPJ initially; but the prohibition of constituency " inheritances " by the party prevented his candidacy. The constituency was the former prefecture of Nagano 3 Parliament President Yoshiyuki Terashima a tight vote lead for the Democratic Party hold.
Family
Hatas son Yuichiro (DPJ, Hata group) is a deputy in Sangiin, the House of Lords, for the Nagano Prefecture.