Tunku Abdul Rahman

Abdul Rahman ( born February 8, 1903 in Alor Setar, Kedah, † 6 December 1990 in Penang ) was the Chief Minister (Prime Minister) of the Malaysian Federation in 1955 and its first prime minister after achieving independence in 1957 after connecting. British colonies of Sabah, Sarawak and Singapore ( the 1965 leaked again) he was also the Prime Minister of Malaysia. His full name was Abdul Rahman Putra Al- Haj ibni Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah Almarhum. Tunku is a Malay title of prince. He was the "father of independence" in Malaysia. From 1959 to 1965 he was the first president of the Badminton Asia Confederation.

Youth

Born in the bride 's Palace ( Istana Pelamin ) in Alor Star, Kedah in the Malay Sultanate Abdul Rahman was the 14th son, and 20th child of the 24th Sultan of Kedah, Abdul Hamid Halim Shah. His mother, Cik Menjalara, was the sixth wife of the Sultan and the daughter of a Siamese nobleman, Luang Naraborirak, a Thai district officials under King Chulalongkorn of Thailand.

At the age of six, he first attended the Malay primary school, and later the English government school in Alor Star. At eight, he was sent to the Debsirin School in Bangkok ( Thailand ), together with three of his brothers; In 1915 he returned and visited the Penang Free School. At 15, he was awarded in 1918 as the first native a scholarship to attend the St Catharine 's College at Cambridge University in the UK.

Early career

After his return, he worked in the public service of his home state of Kedah and was the first native District Officer, but then returned to England to complete the study of law. The outbreak of the Second World War ended this again and he returned to Malaya. In 1947 he resumed his studies back up, took his bar exam in 1949, returned to Alor Star and was deputy prosecutor at a court in Kuala Lumpur.

During this time he also joined the United Malays National Organisation ( UMNO ), which sought independence for the British colony. He made there fast career and became its chairman in August 1951, a post he would retain for 20 years.

From Malaya to Malaysia

In 1954 he led a delegation to Britain to to negotiate the independence, but this led to no result, since the British were reluctant to grant independence without a guarantee to have, that the three major population groups - Malays, Chinese and Indians - would live together peacefully. Tunku Abdul Rahman, however, managed a political alliance with the Organization of Chinese ( Malayan Chinese Association ) to establish, in 1955 joined the Indians ( Malayan Indian Congress ). This Alliance Party ( Alliance Party ) won in the general election in the same year, 51 of 52 seats in Parliament, and he was elected premier ( Chief Minister ). In the same year he led another delegation to the UK and reached that of the independence day was fixed for the Malay Peninsula on August 31, 1957. As Premier of the new nation, he was re-elected in the elections of 1959 and 1964 with overwhelming majorities.

But even Singapore, Sarawak, British North Borneo and the Sultanate of Brunei were British crown colonies. When they were dismissed in 1963 from Britain to independence, all included - except Brunei - on September 16, 1963 the Malay collar on, which then renamed itself in Malaysia. Abdul Rahman was also Prime Minister of the new Federation. Soon, however, showed problems with the large minority ( 40%) of the Chinese, which was created by Singapore's accession, and its leader, Lee Kuan Yew, was presented in a clear rivalry for Tunku. This meant that Singapore on August 9, 1965 left Malaysia.

Tunku Abdul Rahman was a leader in founding the Association of Southeast Asia ( ASA) from Malaya, Thailand and the Philippines, which was extended on August 8, 1967 on the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN ).

In 1969, the Alliance Party in the elections lost a large number of their seats. This led to demonstrations, which in turn attracted on May 13 racial riots after themselves. Unhappy with the way Abdul Rahman responded to these riots, started a series of UMNO leaders an Emergency Committee, limited the power of the prime minister and forced him to resign on September 22, 1970, which also followed his resignation as UMNO president ( June 1971 ). New Prime Minister was Tun Razak.

Later life

Abdul Rahman withdrew then to Penang, where he owned a house. In 1977, Abdul Rahman acquired substantial shares of appearing in Penang newspaper "The Star" and became its chairman. There he wrote several columns, including " look back " and " As I see it ," which were critical of the Malaysian government. Then the newspaper was banned in 1987, which Abdul Rahman and another former Prime Minister prompted to set up a new party, the UMNO Malaysia, whose registration was refused by Mahathir Mohammad. Abdul Rahman assisted in the 90s an opposition party, " semangat 46" ( spirit of 1946, the year of UMNO 's founding ), which played a relevant role in the opposition, and sat down in the 1990 election campaign very much for them. At this time, however, his health was very poor, and he died at his home in Penang on 6 December 1990 at the age of 87 years. He was buried in the Royal Mausoleum in Alor Star.

Marriages

Abdul Rahman was married four times. With his first wife, the Chinese Meriam Chong, he had two sons. After her death, he married his former landlady in England, Violet Coulson, but had to be ordered by the Regent of Kedah divorce her. The third wife he married the Malay Sharifah Syed Alwi Rodziah Barakbah, with whom he adopted four children, as they could get no own. However, since he wanted more children of their own, he secretly married a Chinese woman, Bibi Chong who converted to Islam. She bore him two daughters.

Order

In 1961, Tunku Abdul Rahman received by Queen Elizabeth II of the Order of the Companions of Honour.

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