Tura River

The Tura at Verkhoturye

Position of Tura ( Тура ) in the catchment of Tobol

Catchment area of ​​Tura

Template: Infobox River / Obsolete

The Tura (Russian Тура ) is a 1030 km long left tributary of the Tobol in West Siberia.

Course

The Tura arises in height around 400 m in the vicinity of the watershed in the Middle Urals, west of the city Kushva of several few kilometers long spring-fed streams. Both main source streams are called Tura, the southern also Dolgaja. The river first flows in northeastern directions, the eastern flank of the Urals, then in an easterly to southeasterly toward the west part of the West Siberian Plain. He starts out the territory of Sverdlovsk Oblast, Tyumen Oblast and later by the administrative center of Tyumen, by far the largest city on the river.

In the lower reaches the Tura meanders strong. Finally it flows by the village Karbany about 100 kilometers east of Tyumen in the Tobol ( at 42 m height). The Tura is about 200 meters wide, up to three meters deep in mouth close and the flow rate is 0.3 m / s The Tobol is here with a good 100 meters width of the smaller river; it is navigable only from the mouth of the Tura.

Other towns along the river are Verkhnyaya Tura Tura Nischnjaja, Verkhoturye and Turinsk. The names of all these cities are derived from the name of the river.

Hydrographic

The catchment area of ​​80,400 km ² comprises Tura.

The Tura freezes from late October to early November and late April to the first half of May, followed by a lasting until July flood follows. The average monthly water flow is at Tyumen, 184 river miles above the mouth, 177 m³ / s ( maximum 3330 m³ / s in May, minimum 8.6 m³ / s in March ).

The main tributaries are Salda, Tagil, Niza and Pyshma (all right).

Infrastructure and economy

The Tura is on 753 km navigable (from the pier Buschlanowo above Turinsk ).

Already in the 18th century occurred on the upper reaches of the Tura for use in mining and metallurgy two small reservoirs ( " pools "). They are located at Verkhnyaya Tura ( water level in 209 m height) and Nischnjaja Tura (179 m); 1950 was another small dam with hydroelectric power plant at Verkhoturye (110 m). The total area of the reservoirs is 23 km ².

In the area of ​​Turaquellen the railway Yekaterinburg - Perm - Kushva runs, the former, opened in 1878 Ural mining railway. From these branches at Kushva the route towards Serov, the Tura to the Verkhoturye roughly follows and crosses there.

In the settlement Vostochny the railway Serov - Alapayevsk crossing the river. Up here also the development by road is relatively good, further east in the Sverdlovsk Oblast, however bad; here there are only a few localities. In this area were mainly formed in the 1940s to 1960s, many forestry narrow gauge railways with access to boat docks at the Tura. Some of these are also in operation today, as the more than 150 -kilometer route Alapayevsk - Kalatsch with passenger. This crosses the village Sankino here about 100 yards wide Tura. The bridge, a combined steel and wood structure, is one of the longest of all the narrow gauge railways of Russia.

In Turinsk the Tura is crossed by the railway Yekaterinburg - Meschduretschenski ( station Ustje - Acha ), in Tyumen finally BYW from there branching off from the Trans-Siberian Railway route to Surgut and Nizhnevartovsk further. Novy Urengoy. From Turinsk remote or regional roads along the riverside, so from Tyumen follow for long stretches again at some distance from the R404 to Tobolsk ( in the direction of the West Siberian oil - and gas-producing areas).