Tynda
Tynda (Russian Тында ) is a town in Amur Oblast (Russia) with 36 275 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010 ).
Geography
The city is located south of the Stanowoigebirges the Russian Far East, about 570 km ( straight line ) northwest of Blagoveshchensk Oblasthauptstadt. In Tynda the Getkan empties into the river Tynda, after whom the town was named; This in turn opens a few kilometers east in the Seja Creek Giljui.
Tynda is the administrative center of the homonymous Rajons Tynda.
In the 1989 census, 74 % of this time about 60,000 inhabitants Russians, 12.5% Ukrainians and 2.7 % Belarusians.
History
At the site of the present town was founded in 1917 on the way from the Amur (or the station Bolshoi Newer the recently opened Amureisenbahn ) to the gold fields at Aldan Creek Timpton a winter camp and picnic area with names Schkaruby.
In 1928, the place under the name Tyndinski workers' settlement in the construction of the highway from Amur after Yakutia. In plans for the construction of the railway line Baikal - Amur Mainline (BAM ) in 1932, the town was first mentioned as a possible future station. 1933 began the construction of approximately 180 km long cross-connection of the new station BAM (now Bamowskaja ) of the Trans-Siberian Railway west of Skovorodino towards Tyndinski. In 1937 the line was opened on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the October Revolution in operation.
1941 Tyndinski received the status of an urban-type settlement. Because of the continued construction of the Baikal - Amur Mainline was omitted initially, the laid tracks were dismantled in the Second World War, to use in the front near the building of the so-called Volga castling Saratov Stalingrad.
Only in 1972 the construction of the Baikal - Amur Mainline was resumed, initially with the restoration of the section after Tyndinski, then from April 1974 to great propagandistic effort than the All-Union Komsomol object. For the station Tyndinski and there to be built city sponsorship was taken over, as for most other stations of a region of the former Soviet Union; here according to the importance of the capital Moscow.
The first construction train reached Tyndinski in May 1975. 14th November of the same year the town a city charter was granted under the present name. The name is ewenkischer origin; tendy means about on the shore.
In 1977 the railway line over Tynda to Berkakit, extended 1978 to Nerjungri in southern Yakutia. This time, referred to as Small BAM route is today the southern section of the Amur - Yakut Magistrale dar. The regular train traffic on the BAM main route from Tynda was initially added gradually to the west (1984 to 132 km to Larba 1986 further 203 km to Juktali, 1988 again 294 km to Novaya Chara ). In 1989 the entire route was ( with the exception of Seweromuisker tunnel ) taken during operation, thus also of Tynda in the east.
After completion of the railway and with the temporary decline due to the economic crisis that began in the late 1980s, the population of the city decreased significantly Tynda.
Demographics
Note: Census data
Culture and sights
In Tynda, which is considered the " capital of the BAM ", there is a museum on the history of the railway line.
Economy and infrastructure
The city is an important center for the timber industry and wood processing ( Tyndale ). In addition, there are companies in the food industry.
In Tynda the railway lines Taischet Komsomolsk - on-Amur - Sovetskaya Gavan meet ( Baikal - Amur Mainline; kilometer in 2348 ) and Amur - Yakutian highway ( route 179 km from station Bamowskaja the Trans-Siberian Railway ) to each other; the Tynda station is one of the most important in the history of both routes with large locomotive depot.
By Tynda also performs the highway M56 Lena, the Newer at the under construction Trans-Siberian highway M58 Amur or the Trans-Siberian Railway with the capital of the Republic of Sakha ( Yakutia ), Yakutsk connects.
Tynda has a small regional airport ( ICAO code UHBW ), 15 kilometers north of the city, which is served after several years of closure since 2007 with Yakovlev Yak -40 of Blagoveshchensk on Seja.