U-turn

A change of direction is a change in the direction of travel of a vehicle in rail or road transport. This article explains several words of similar meaning. The following contexts are relevant:

  • 2.1 turn drive
  • 2.2 Short turnaround
  • 2.3 Long- turning
  • 2.4 dispositive Contact
  • 2.5 Breakdown end of turn
  • 3.1 on proposed turning
  • 3.2 Brief turning
  • 3.3 Long- turning

Operating in rail transport

In the railway transport one distinguishes different types of change of direction:

Sweep

  • While sweeping through the ride to another section of track by means of a reversing loop or wye turned the entire train ( locomotive with cars ).

Turn

  • When turning with a change of locomotive and the traction unit is replaced by another - only the driver enters the cab and goes where appropriate, to the opposite end.
  • The turning without change of locomotive is only possible with a train set or a push-pull train, so a train, at the other end of the train either a control car or a locomotive is coupled also, again, the drivers have to change the driver's cab. Frequently such a contact takes place on a special, often located in urban transport systems between the long distance tracks Ausziehgleis (reciprocal track). The entire necessary infrastructure is then referred to as the inverse plant.
  • As a reaction is defined as the change of the existing locomotive from one end of the train to the other. To convert, a specially provided for this purpose Ausziehgleis or another track used in an appropriate situation.

This means that the traveler may be in for a change of direction, a change of direction in some countries in the information brochures, which are laid out on the trains, specially marked.

Maneuvering to turn

  • Using a hub, a vehicle can be turned over, which is not longer than the section of track of the rotating disc. Such systems were often built up in the beginning and middle of the last century. They are now obsolete, since the modern railway traction vehicles can drive in both directions equally, without compromising in either direction a lower speed would have to be taken into account, as was the case with most previous Tender steam locomotives. In addition, a high expenditure of time is required, such as for driving the hub for turning.
  • All forms of turning can be performed by means of a hairpin, the track triangle Gleisfünfeck or in a terminal station.
  • A Sägefahrt need a free track on which the train is zurückrangiert before tacking and over turnouts.

Other terms

  • When head Make the train station in the turning on part of the previously busy tracks in the opposite direction. To this end, a route is set in the opposite direction from the signal box, in which a part of the Einfahrzugstraße remains closed as occupied exit.
  • A head platform is a platform at a train station facility should be turned to the trains only by head making.
  • Dashing is mainly in Switzerland and Austria used term for turning in a train station, in the meet multiple routes if the other route can only be achieved by changing direction. The term is mainly used falls in goods trains, but also for passenger trains, a fall may be necessary.
  • In a rotary drive the car order is reversed from disposable tive reasons, by choosing a suitable route and then head made ​​. In many cases, the goal is to restore the scheduled car sequence, for example, after a redirect. See also: Railway Triangle

Tram

  • At one Kuppelendstelle turns a road train by uncoupling the trailer, one of the following railcars couples to this pendant and immerses you in the opposite direction.

Terms in vehicle scheduling and timetabling

Schedules are planned as a general circulation in the transport plans, which are plans of consecutive trips of a vehicle to be used - it also speaks of the operational plan. The creation of rosters is the task of the schedule clerk. The vehicle scheduling assigns the desired day of operation on plans to available vehicles. From the perspective of the driver understands the schedule as current plan.

Thus, the following terms mean:

Turn drive

One that could be taken runs regularly between the end of the ride ride.

Short turnaround

A journey is not performed until the scheduled end goal, but the infrastructure is shortened due dispositive decisions.

Long turnaround

The trip is extended beyond the scheduled end point addition.

Dispositive Contact

Short - and long- contact can be scheduled never isolated, they only occur in combination to compensate unusual trips due to vehicle failures or disruptions in infrastructure (eg due to construction ) in order to fill the line -operate rides smoothly.

Rollover end turn

A trip does not go directly to the next ride on but on the ensuing drive. The next ride is taken directly from the previous run. Between arrival and departure in the turning region thus two vehicles located there.

Concept of workforce planning

Turned-over turning

The driver of a vehicle leaves the car, to take up a statutory service break, and assumes a following vehicle.

Short turnaround

A turn is truncated to the technological minimum, so that no breaks are present.

Long turnaround

The turnaround time is as set that statutory rest breaks during which possible.

Road

In contrast to rail transport can in other modes of transport a vehicle by a U-turn switch (also semi-circle turn ) in the opposite direction. Here, the term change of direction:

  • The lane change (on, in at least one direction of travel, multi-lane roads) to change to a roadway to another destination
  • Turn ( leaving a road to switch to another )
  • Contact (special change of direction, namely from the current direction of travel to the opposite direction and thus roadway ).

To other road users indicate this change of direction, of the imminent change of direction by hand or by means of a direction indicator ( turn signal ) must be displayed.

Wye (rail) Push–pull train Control car (rail) Headshunt Railway turntable Train station#Terminus
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