Ubay ibn Ka'b

Ubaiy ibn Ka ʿ b (Arabic أبي بن كعب ) was a secretary of the prophet Mohammed in Medina, who created his own collection of the Qur'an, which differed from the official later Koran Uthman ibn Affan edition of the Caliph. He died sometime between 640-656.

Ubaiy belonged to the Banū Naddschār to, a clan of the tribe of Khazraj, and fought at the battles of Badr and Uhud with. Due to his writing skills Mohammed took him as his secretary, with Ubaiy was responsible not only for his correspondence, but also for the writing of Revelation.

The Koran collection created by Ubaiy was later used mainly in Damascus, while the collection of ʿ Abd Allāh ibn Mas ʿ ūd in Basra arī in Kufa to that of Abu Musa al - Ash ʿ and in Homs resorted to that of Miqdad ibn Aswad. Ubayy itself justify the admissibility of all these different versions of the Koran text so that it, as he once during the lifetime of the Prophet his concern about the diversity of the outstanding versions of the text of the Koran put it, the Prophet had calmed down so that the Qur'an in seven variants ( sab ʿ ʿ alā ati ahruf ) had been revealed. As Uthmān ordered the compilation of an official Koran issue and this sent in the main cities of the Islamic Empire (Damascus, Kufa, Basra ), he gave the order to destroy all other collections of the Koran. This included the collection of Ubayy.

In contrast to the collection of ʿ Abd Allāh ibn Mas ʿ ūd that was despite the ban further narrated no more later copies have been made from the collection of Ubayy. Nevertheless, some knowledge has received over this collection. Thus, it contained two additional short suras, namely the " Sura of disclosure " ( Sūrat al - ʿ Chal ) and the " Sura of the Hinstrebens " ( Sūrat al - Hafd ). Taken together, they were also under the name "The two - Qunoot Suren " ( Surata l - Qunoot ) or " morning prayer " (Du ʿ ā ʾ al - Fajr ) known. It follows that it must have been to texts for the prayer. According to a tradition from Abū Mūsā al - Ash ʿ had arī the two surahs in his collection. The wording of the two Surahs is delivered only when authors of the 16th century, but returned there to part with Isnaden to authority of the first century of the Hijrah.

The traditional Suren result in Ubayys collection also shows some differences from the canonical version, but generally adheres to the principle of progression from the longer to the shorter suras. In addition, traditions on individual verses that should have been in Ubayys collection exist. One of them is described as a supplement to Sura 98 and reads in translation of Nöldeke: " Truly, the religion with God is the mild Hanifentum, not Judaism, nor Christianity, and he who does good, is it not go unrewarded. " According to another tradition Ubayys collection also contained the stoning.

In addition, be attributed to different text variants Ubayy in Arabic literature on the readings of the Qur'an, which is geared towards the collection created by him for the part. After the canonization of Koranic readings by Ibn al- Mujahid (d. 936 ), the use of these non - uthmānischen readings was banned, scholars, which they used on there, were brought to justice. However, remained Allows the use of such reading variants in the standard theory. Thus, the Hanafis have based many of their decisions on legal Koran readings of Ubayy.