Umber

As Umbra (lat: umbra - shade) or Umbraun is called an earth color of various shades, as well as of different origin. The color is sometimes called Earth Brown, Roman brown or sepia brown; However, in contrast to sepia is an inorganic pigment. The actual or real goods is a clayey, queasy by weathering limonite of liver to chestnut brown in color, which always includes brown manganese dioxide in addition to iron oxides.

Variants

• The best variety is found on the island of Cyprus and offered as a Cyprian or Turkish Umbra in the trade to the highest prices. It has a brown tone with a distinct gray tinge and are in various degrees with white added with different nuances. Generally, this is more greenish than ocher. If this variety is fired, it assumes a reddish-brown color.
• Similar, but less quality goods are found on the ironstone mines at Saalfeld / Saale, Könitz and Kamsdorf, just in different areas of England and Sicily. The location of the latter is a maroon red ocher with conchoidal fracture.
• Referred to as Cologne umber brown smoked pork is brown coal, which is used as a surrogate.
• Often the purchasable in small traffic Umbra is nothing more than a bolus.

Use

All Umbrasorten must be pulverized before use and freed by slurries of sandy areas if they are not there yet. It uses the same very often paints of all kinds, both as oil such as water color, dark varnishes, particularly common in the oil-cloth fabrication, to brown dyeing wood to Vergoldergrund, and in decorative cosmetics.

Special

The umbra was used the SPD in the general election of 2005. The change from the traditional red of the party to Umbra was discussed in the media.