Umpire (Baseball)

In baseball umpire called a referee a baseball game. In modern baseball, a game is run by a group of arbitrators, the umpiring crew.

  • 2.1 in the Hall of Fame 2.1.1 with the most matches
  • 2.1.2 with the most seasons
  • 2.1.3 Other notable referee

Tasks and positions

Home plate umpire

The main responsible referee, umpire in chief or home plate umpire is responsible for the game. It decides on balls and strikes, on fair balls and foul balls and makes decisions, the hitter and runner near the home plate concern.

Base umpires

The base umpire will correspond to the base, where they are called. So there is the first- base umpire, the second- base umpire and the third -base umpire. There are, especially in the lower leagues, also often the case that it is to dispense with the second- base umpire.

Outfield umpires

In the Major League will be at the All -Star Game, in the post-season and the World Series used in addition to the foul lines per a left -field and right -field umpire.

The referee team rotates during a season, so that all referees play in all positions.

Referee decisions

Unlike American football, a decision of a baseball arbitrator shall be final. It can only be revoked if the referee consults with his colleagues and the decision takes back.

Since August 28, 2008, there is the possibility to decide by slow motion reps at balls that fly past just outside the foul pole, whether a ball inside or outside the foul line is. This method was applied to a blow from Alex Rodriguez (New York Yankees) against the Tampa Bay Rays at Tropicana Field in St. Petersburg ( Florida) first on 3 September 2008.

Famous referee

In the Hall of Fame

  • Al Barlick (NL, 1940-43, 1946-55, 1958-71 )
  • Nestor Chylak (AL, 1954-78 )
  • Jocko Conlan (NL 1941-64 )
  • Tommy Connolly (NL, 1898-1900; AL, 1901-31 )
  • Billy Evans (AL, 1906-27 )
  • Doug Harvey (NL 1962-92 )
  • Cal Hubbard (AL, 1936-51 )
  • Bill Klem (NL 1905-41 )
  • Bill McGowan (AL, 1925-54 )

With most games

  • 5368 - Bill Klem
  • 5159 - Bruce Froemming
  • 4768 - Tommy Connolly
  • 4670 - Doug Harvey
  • 4505 - Joe Brinkman

(2007)

With most seasons

Before 1920:

  • 37 - Bill Klem (NL, 1905-41 )
  • 35 - Bob Emslie (AA, 1890; NL, 1891-1924 )
  • 34 - Tommy Connolly (NL, 1898-1900; AL, 1901-31 )
  • 30 - Hank O'Day (NL, 1895, 1897-1911, 1913, 1915-27 )
  • 29 - Bill Dinneen (AL, 1909-37 )
  • 29 - Cy Rigler (NL, 1906-22, 1924-35 )
  • 25 - Brick Owens (NL, 1908, 1912-13; AL, 1916-37 )
  • 25 - Ernie Quigley (NL, 1913-37 )

1920-1960:

  • 30 - Bill McGowan (AL, 1925-54 )
  • 28 - Al Barlick (NL, 1940-43, 1946-55, 1958-71 )
  • 27 - Bill Summers (AL, 1933-59 )
  • 26 - Tom Gorman (NL, 1951-76 )
  • 25 - Nestor Chylak (AL, 1954-78 )
  • 25 - Jim Honochick (AL, 1949-73 )

By 1960 1960:

  • 37 - Bruce Froemming (NL, 1971-99; MLB, 2000-07 )
  • 34 - Joe Brinkman ( AL, 1973-99; MLB, 2000-06 )
  • 35 - Jerry Crawford (NL, 1976-99; MLB, 2000 -)
  • 33 - Ed Montague (NL, 1974, 1976-99; MLB, 2000-09 )
  • 33 - Harry Wendelstedt (NL, 1966-98 )
  • 32 - Larry Barnett (AL, 1968-99 )
  • 31 - Doug Harvey (NL, 1962-92 )

Other significant referee

  • Emmett Ashford (AL, 1966-70 ), the first African -American referee
  • Amanda Clement (SD, 1904-1910 ), first paid female referee
  • Jim Evans (AL, 1971-99 ) operator of a referee school
  • John Gaffney (NL, 1884-86, 1891-94, 1899-1900; AA, 1888-89; PL, 1890)
  • Bernice Gera ( NAPBL, 1972-72 ), first female referee in professional baseball
  • Tim Hurst (NL, 1891-97, 1900, 1903, AL, 1905-1909 )
  • Ron Luciano (AL, 1968-80 )
  • Tim McClelland (AL, 1983-99; MLB, 2000 -)
  • John McSherry (NL, 1971-96 )
  • Jake O'Donnell (AL, 1968-71 ) (also referee in the NBA from 1967-95, the only referee who has participated both in an MLB and an NBA All-star game)

Origin of the word " umpire "

" umpire " was created by wrong word separation from the Middle English word " noumpere ", which in turn on the old French word " nonper " (from the Latin "non", " not " and "par", " pair, counterpart, match " ) back. It means, therefore, mutatis mutandis, about " the outsiders, who arbitrates in a dispute between a couple ."

In Middle English the word first appeared in 1350 as " noumper " on, in 1440, was the notation " owmpere ".

The leading " n" in the period of 1426-1427 was lost and the form "a noounpier ", with "a" as an indefinite article, was written down. 1475 the " n" in the article was added, the spelling changed to " to Oumper ". This sound change we say today, therefore, " to umpire " instead of "a numpire ".

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