Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League

Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League, UNIA - ACL or short UNIA, pan-Africanism is a organization that was founded on October 1, 1914 in Jamaica by Marcus Garvey. She advocated in its heyday an emigration of all black people to Africa.

The UNIA was founded in 1914 and partially foot on the teachings of Booker T. Washington's spread in subsequent years, in the course of travel of its founder, especially in the United States. At times, several companies were operated by the organization.

As President followed Garvey:

  • James R. Stewart
  • William Levon Sherrill
  • Thomas W. Harvey
  • Charles Lynell James
  • Reginald Wesley Maddox
  • Marcus Garvey Jr.
  • Amy Jacques Garvey
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