Uthlande

Under Uthlande or Utlande ( Low German or Old Danish Foreign country ) is the mainland upstream Outlanding (islands, holms and marshes ) in present-day district of North Friesland.

History

The name is first documented on supplies for the 12th century. The former islands differed both in their political status and in their social composition significantly from the mainland. Today, part of the former Uthlande is sunk into the sea (especially a large part of the island beach ), partly by diking and land reclamation part of mainland become.

On the Danish mainland Harden were later the largest administrative region. They consisted of several parishes. On the Jutland mainland there was SYSSEL that summarizing several Harden, in the Uthlanden but completely missing. The Frisians were direct subjects of the Danish king ( " king Friesen " ) and fought for him in the battles with the Holy Roman Empire and the Holsteiners. In the Middle Ages, it nevertheless managed to obtain a high degree of autonomy. From 1241 adopted Jydske Lov they were excluded and were allowed to speak right after the Frisian law ( see also Lex Frisionum, Siebenhardenbeliebung, Crown the right truth ).

As 1250 King Erik IV of Denmark tried to collect the Plogpennig, the tax of a penny on every plow in the Uthlanden, he had to flee the area, finally, after many Danish knights lost their lives there. His brother, murderer and successor, Abel lost most of his army and his life when he tried again in 1252 to collect the taxes.

1261 joined the Hanseatic city of Hamburg a peace treaty with the Frisians in Utlandia; if so only the three Eiderstedter Harden or the whole Uthland is meant is not clear from the document. Until 1284, the central government had so solidified that Duke Valdemar IV of Schleswig was able to conclude a binding contract on behalf of the Frisians with the Hanseatic city of Bremen.

Harden the Uthlande

In the Middle Ages following Harden were among the Uthlanden:

  • Bökingharde, today mainland
  • Horsbüllharde ( Wiedingharde ), today mainland
  • Foehr Easter Harde ( the eastern part of the island of Fohr ), continue to island
  • Foehr West Erharde ( Amrum and the West Föhr ), continue to island
  • Sylt (Sylt )
  • Wiriksharde (formerly part of the island beach, such as the area around Langeneß ), united in the 16th century with the Beltringharde and 1634 largely sunk into the sea
  • Largely absorbed Beltringharde (northeast part of the island beach ) in the sea
  • , Lost Pellwormharde (southwest part of the island beach, about today's Pellworm ) partly in the sea
  • Largely absorbed Edomsharde ( southern part of the island beach including the defunct Rungholts ), up to the present peninsula north beach in the sea
  • Lundberg Harde (southeast part of the island beach, around the area now Simonsberg ) residues are today mainland
  • Eiderstedt ( eastern part of today's Eiderstedt ), today peninsula
  • Everschop (Northwest part of today Eiderstedt with westerhever, then an island ), today peninsula
  • Utholm (southwest part of today Eiderstedt with St. Peter-Ording, then an island ), today peninsula.

The listing of areas varies by source and year. The shape of the coastline has changed considerably over the centuries. Important sources are the Erdbuch created in 1230 Valdemar II and historicizing cards of John Mejer (1652 printed). In Erdbuch there is a separate record of all the inhabited islands of the west coast. The three names listed there Gaestaenacka, Hwaelae major and minor are Hwaelae as islands no longer be found or detected. The frequently voiced suspicion that this west were of Old North beach and sank during storm surges until the 14th century in the sea, is incorrect: in fact, these three names is the product of transcription errors that the former clerk in the transfer of names DeStrandt, Eydaerstath and Hewerschop are undermined.

Region Uthlande

On 26 March 2002, the club was founded Regional Partnership Uthlande eV, which has set itself the goal to promote the islands and islets in North Frisia comprehensive " region Uthlande ".

796395
de