Uto-Aztecan languages

The Uto- Aztecan family is a North and Central American language family. It is among the oldest as well as largest language families of Native Americans and now includes about 1.8 million speakers. Your linguistic landscape includes areas of today the U.S. state of Oregon in the north and stretches to Panama in the south.

Some languages ​​and their dissemination

At the northern Uto-Aztecan languages ​​belongs to the northern branch of the language family, the Numic languages, the languages ​​of the Ute, Shoshone, Comanche and Paiute. Here the ethnonyms ( names of the ethnic groups ) not always coincide with the individual languages. Thus, the traditional language of the Northern Paiute is a Shoshoni dialect, while the Southern Paiute speak a dialect Colorado. A separate branch forms the Hopi language, which has the most speakers of the Uto-Aztecan languages ​​of the United States. Little more is spoken Cahuilla and Luiseño, which were used by ethnic groups in California.

The Southern Uto-Aztecan languages ​​include but are based in Arizona and New Mexico and in adjacent areas of Mexico Pima Pagago and Tepehuan languages. In northern Mexico, especially the languages ​​of the Yaqui, Mayo and Raramuri ( Tarahumara ) are worth mentioning. Most speakers has about 1.6 million people Nahuatl, whose central branch was also spoken by the Aztecs.

Word equations

Classification

The Uto- Aztec macro family belongs to Mets'ha / Mesika strain of the Central and South American phylum in the ancient Indian language Ochostkisch - range.

  • Ochostkisch - ancient Indian language area Central South American Phylum K'inago / Tewes strain
  • Mets'ha / Mesika strain Mets'ha isolate ( Keres )
  • Continuum / Mesika macro Family ( Uto- Aztec macro family) North American Family
  • Mexican family

Northern Branch ( United States )

  • Hopi in Arizona
  • The Numic languages central group Shoshone
  • Comanche
  • Panamint
  • Ute
  • Southern Paiute
  • Kawaiisu
  • Mono
  • Northern Paiute
  • Cupan Cahuilla Cupeño Cahuilla
  • Cupeño

Southern branch ( Mexico)

  • Pima ( Pimic ) or Tepiman languages O'odham ( Pima, Papago )
  • Pima Bajo
  • Tepehuan
  • Tepecano †
  • Tarahumara group Guarijío
  • Tarahumara
  • Opata ( Opata, Eudeve, Heve ) †
  • Mayo
  • Yaqui
  • Nahuatl group Pochuteco ( Pochutla ) †
  • Aztec Nahuatl Central Nahuatl
  • Classical Nahuatl
  • Peripheral Nahuatl West Nahuatl West Coast Nahuatl
  • Durango / Nayarit Nahuatl
  • Isthmus Mecayapan - Nahuatl
  • Nawat ( Pipil )
  • Huichol
  • Cora

Characteristics of the Uto-Aztecan languages

The verbs are usually at the end of sentences. In simple language family Phonemsysteme are determinative.

Middle America (region) Ute people Cahuilla people Yaqui people Mayo people Tarahumara people Huichol language Tarahumara language Shoshoni language Tohono O'odham Pipil language Cora people Native Americans in the United States
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